Merle Nicolas S, Singh Parul, Rahman Jubayer, Kemper Claudia
Complement and Inflammation Research Section (CIRS), National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
Br J Pharmacol. 2021 Jul;178(14):2754-2770. doi: 10.1111/bph.15168. Epub 2020 Jul 19.
Immunologists have recently realized that there is more to the classic innate immune sensor systems than just mere protection against invading pathogens. It is becoming increasingly clear that such sensors, including the inflammasomes, toll-like receptors, and the complement system, are heavily involved in the regulation of basic cell physiological processes and particularly those of metabolic nature. In fact, their "non-canonical" activities make sense as no system directing immune cell activity can perform such task without the need for energy. Further, many of these ancient immune sensors appeared early and concurrently during evolution, particularly during the developmental leap from the single-cell organisms to multicellularity, and therefore crosstalk heavily with each other. Here, we will review the current knowledge about the emerging cooperation between the major inter-cell communicators, integrins, and the cell-autonomous intracellularly and autocrine-active complement, the complosome, during the regulation of single-cell metabolism. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Canonical and non-canonical functions of the complement system in health and disease. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v178.14/issuetoc.
免疫学家最近意识到，经典的固有免疫传感系统的作用远不止于单纯抵御入侵病原体。越来越明显的是，这类传感器，包括炎性小体、Toll样受体和补体系统，在基本细胞生理过程尤其是代谢性质的过程的调节中发挥着重要作用。事实上，它们的“非经典”活动是有意义的，因为没有哪个指导免疫细胞活动的系统在无需能量的情况下就能执行此类任务。此外，许多这类古老的免疫传感器在进化过程中很早就同时出现了，尤其是在从单细胞生物到多细胞生物的发育飞跃期间，因此它们之间存在大量相互作用。在此，我们将综述有关主要细胞间通讯分子整合素与细胞自主的细胞内及自分泌活性补体（补体小体）在单细胞代谢调节过程中新兴合作的当前知识。相关文章：本文是关于补体系统在健康与疾病中的经典和非经典功能的主题特刊的一部分。要查看本节中的其他文章，请访问http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v178.14/issuetoc。
