Takeuchi Hideaki, Tsurumi Kosuke, Murao Takuro, Mizuta Hiroto, Kawada Ryosaku, Murai Toshiya, Takahashi Hidehiko
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
Addict Behav. 2020 Nov;110:106502. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106502. Epub 2020 Jun 10.
Gambling disorder (GD) patients show excessively risky decision-making in the financial domain. We aimed to clarify whether GD patients show risky decision-making in domain-general or in domain-specific. Furthermore, we also investigated the effect of the well-known cognitive bias, the framing effect on GD's decision-making under risk. Sixty-two male GD patients and 74 age-matched healthy male controls (HC) conducted a risky choice task in which they should choose solutions for difficult situations between a sure and a risky option that had the same expectations. Six situations were prepared for each financial and health domain. For each domain, three situations were presented with options using positive frames, and the other three situations were presented with options using negative frames. The results showed that GD chose more risky options in the financial domain with positive frames than HC, but chose comparably in the financial domain with negative frames, whereas GD and HC chose comparably in the health domain regardless of the frames. Thus, GD showed risky decision-making in domain-specific. In addition, the results indicate the importance of considering the influence of the framing effect for assessment of risky decision-making by GD. Domains and the influence of the framing effect should be considered when decision-making patterns of neuropsychiatric disorders are studied.
赌博障碍（GD）患者在金融领域表现出过度冒险的决策行为。我们旨在阐明GD患者是在一般领域还是特定领域表现出冒险决策。此外，我们还研究了著名的认知偏差——框架效应——对GD在风险情境下决策的影响。62名男性GD患者和74名年龄匹配的健康男性对照者（HC）进行了一项风险选择任务，在该任务中，他们需要在具有相同预期的确定性选项和风险选项之间为困难情况选择解决方案。为金融和健康领域分别准备了六种情况。对于每个领域，三种情况使用积极框架呈现选项，另外三种情况使用消极框架呈现选项。结果表明，在积极框架下的金融领域，GD比HC选择了更多的风险选项，但在消极框架下的金融领域，两者选择相当，而在健康领域，无论框架如何，GD和HC的选择相当。因此，GD在特定领域表现出冒险决策。此外，结果表明在评估GD的风险决策时考虑框架效应的影响很重要。在研究神经精神疾病的决策模式时，应考虑领域以及框架效应的影响。
