Malt U
University of Oslo, Department of Psychosomatic and Behavioural Medicine, Norway.
Br J Psychiatry. 1988 Dec;153:810-8. doi: 10.1192/bjp.153.6.810.
One hundred and seven accidentally injured adults were studied while in hospital and assessed prospectively twice more in a mean period of 28 months. The patients were studied by means of taped clinical interviews, including the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (which includes the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale), and several self-report measures of distress (Schedule of Recent Life Events, General Health Questionnaire, Impact of Event Scale and State Anxiety Inventory) at the three assessments. The total incidence of psychiatric disorders considered to be caused by the accident during the follow-up period was 22.4%. The incidence of non-organic psychiatric disorders caused by the accident was 16.8% at the first follow-up and 9.3% at the final follow-up. Depressive disorders of different severity were most often seen. Only one patient suffered from a post-traumatic stress disorder during the follow-up, and none at the final follow-up (DSM-III). Organic mental disorders were diagnosed in 9.3% of the patients. In 5.6% of the patients this was the only disorder.
对107名意外受伤的成年人在住院期间进行了研究，并在平均28个月的时间里又进行了两次前瞻性评估。通过录音临床访谈对患者进行研究，包括综合精神病理学评定量表（其中包括蒙哥马利-阿斯伯格抑郁评定量表），以及在三次评估时使用的几种自我报告的痛苦程度测量方法（近期生活事件量表、一般健康问卷、事件影响量表和状态焦虑量表）。随访期间被认为由事故导致的精神障碍总发生率为22.4%。事故导致的非器质性精神障碍发生率在首次随访时为16.8%，在最后一次随访时为9.3%。不同严重程度的抑郁障碍最为常见。随访期间只有1名患者患有创伤后应激障碍，最后一次随访时无患者患有该障碍（《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版）。9.3%的患者被诊断为器质性精神障碍。在5.6%的患者中，这是唯一的障碍。
