Correlation of metabolic syndrome and urolithiasis: A prospective cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND

Correlation between urolithiasis and metabolic syndrome has been demonstrated in the literature. This study assessed the association of metabolic syndrome and its components with urolithiasis in Indian patients.

METHODS

A cross-sectional prospective observation study included patients aged >18 years with urolithiasis. Demographic details, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, and laboratory parameters were examined.

RESULTS

Total 1200 patients with urolithiasis were divided into two groups (with [n = 208] and without metabolic syndrome [n = 992]). The mean age of total population was 47.26 (14.68) years with 721 males and 479 females. The mean height, weight, BMI were significantly different between both groups ( < 0.001). Proportion of obese (BMI >25) patients, proportion of patients with hyperuricemia, waist circumference, blood pressure, triglyceride, fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels were significantly higher in patients with metabolic syndrome; however, high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were significantly reduced in metabolic syndrome group ( < 0.001). A significantly increasing trend in mean waist circumference, triglycerides, FBS, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure and a decreasing trend in mean HDL with increase in number of metabolic components were observed ( < 0.001). Female patients were 19.6 times more likely to develop metabolic syndrome than male patients ( < 0.001). Increasing waist circumference, triglycerides, FBS, blood pressure were associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome ( < 0.05). Decreasing HDL was associated with reduced risk of metabolic syndrome. Patients with hyperuricemia were 5.68 times more likely to exhibit metabolic syndrome ( = 0.006).

CONCLUSION

This study indicates the presence of a significant association of metabolic syndrome and its components with urolithiasis.