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酿酒葡萄歌海娜和添帕尼优的感官、嗅闻和香气特征分析。

Sensory, olfactometric and chemical characterization of the aroma potential of Garnacha and Tempranillo winemaking grapes.

机构信息

Laboratory for Aroma Analysis and Enology (LAAE), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (UNIZAR-CITA), c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.

Laboratory for Aroma Analysis and Enology (LAAE), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (UNIZAR-CITA), c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.

出版信息

Food Chem. 2020 Nov 30;331:127207. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127207. Epub 2020 Jun 2.


DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127207
PMID:32569964
Abstract

Reconstituted polyphenolic and aromatic fractions (PAFs) from 33 different Garnacha and Tempranillo grapes were incubated in strict anoxia (75 °C × 24 h). Obtained hydrolyzates were characterized by sensory analysis, gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Five different aroma categories emerged. Garnacha may develop specific tropical/citrus fruit, kerosene and floral and Tempranillo toasty-woody and red-fruit characteristics. Those notes seem to mask alcoholic and fruit-in-syrup descriptors and the common vegetal background. Twenty-seven odorants were detected by GC-O. GC-MS data showed a clustering closely matching the one found by sensory analysis, suggesting the existence of five specific metabolomic profiles behind the five specific sensory profiles. Overall results suggest that 3-mercaptohexanol is responsible for tropical/citrus fruit, TDN for kerosene, volatile phenols for woody/toasty, β-damascenone and massoia lactone, likely with Z-1,5-octadien-3-one for fruit-in-syrup and alcoholic notes. Nine lipid-derived unsaturated aldehydes and ketones may be responsible for the vegetal background.

摘要

从 33 种不同的歌海娜(Garnacha)和添普兰尼洛(Tempranillo)葡萄中提取的复配多酚和芳香族化合物(PAFs)在严格缺氧条件下(75°C×24 小时)孵育。所得水解产物通过感官分析、气相色谱-嗅闻分析(GC-O)和气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)进行了表征。共出现了 5 种不同的香气类别。歌海娜可能会发展出特定的热带/柑橘类水果、煤油和花香,而添普兰尼洛则具有烘烤木材和红色水果的特点。这些特征似乎掩盖了酒精和糖浆水果的描述,以及常见的植物背景。通过 GC-O 检测到了 27 种气味物质。GC-MS 数据显示,聚类结果与感官分析非常匹配,这表明在 5 种特定的感官特征背后存在着 5 种特定的代谢组学特征。总体结果表明,3-巯基己醇是热带/柑橘类水果香气的原因,TDN 是煤油的原因,挥发性酚类是木材/烘烤香气的原因,β-大马酮和马苏埃洛内酯可能与 Z-1,5-辛二烯-3-酮一起为糖浆水果和酒精香气提供来源。9 种脂质衍生的不饱和醛酮可能是植物背景的原因。

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