Laboratory for Aroma Analysis and Enology (LAAE), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (UNIZAR-CITA), c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
Laboratory for Aroma Analysis and Enology (LAAE), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2) (UNIZAR-CITA), c/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
Food Chem. 2020 Nov 30;331:127207. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127207. Epub 2020 Jun 2.
Reconstituted polyphenolic and aromatic fractions (PAFs) from 33 different Garnacha and Tempranillo grapes were incubated in strict anoxia (75 °C × 24 h). Obtained hydrolyzates were characterized by sensory analysis, gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Five different aroma categories emerged. Garnacha may develop specific tropical/citrus fruit, kerosene and floral and Tempranillo toasty-woody and red-fruit characteristics. Those notes seem to mask alcoholic and fruit-in-syrup descriptors and the common vegetal background. Twenty-seven odorants were detected by GC-O. GC-MS data showed a clustering closely matching the one found by sensory analysis, suggesting the existence of five specific metabolomic profiles behind the five specific sensory profiles. Overall results suggest that 3-mercaptohexanol is responsible for tropical/citrus fruit, TDN for kerosene, volatile phenols for woody/toasty, β-damascenone and massoia lactone, likely with Z-1,5-octadien-3-one for fruit-in-syrup and alcoholic notes. Nine lipid-derived unsaturated aldehydes and ketones may be responsible for the vegetal background.
从 33 种不同的歌海娜(Garnacha)和添普兰尼洛(Tempranillo)葡萄中提取的复配多酚和芳香族化合物(PAFs)在严格缺氧条件下(75°C×24 小时)孵育。所得水解产物通过感官分析、气相色谱-嗅闻分析(GC-O)和气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)进行了表征。共出现了 5 种不同的香气类别。歌海娜可能会发展出特定的热带/柑橘类水果、煤油和花香,而添普兰尼洛则具有烘烤木材和红色水果的特点。这些特征似乎掩盖了酒精和糖浆水果的描述,以及常见的植物背景。通过 GC-O 检测到了 27 种气味物质。GC-MS 数据显示,聚类结果与感官分析非常匹配,这表明在 5 种特定的感官特征背后存在着 5 种特定的代谢组学特征。总体结果表明,3-巯基己醇是热带/柑橘类水果香气的原因,TDN 是煤油的原因,挥发性酚类是木材/烘烤香气的原因,β-大马酮和马苏埃洛内酯可能与 Z-1,5-辛二烯-3-酮一起为糖浆水果和酒精香气提供来源。9 种脂质衍生的不饱和醛酮可能是植物背景的原因。
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