Adult Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Program, UH Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Center For Medical Mycology, Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
J Immunother Cancer. 2020 Jun;8(1). doi: 10.1136/jitc-2020-000576. Epub 2020 Jun 23.
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of terminally differentiated plasma cells, which typically evolves over time from its precursor, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. While the underlying mechanisms of this evolution remain elusive, immunomodulatory factors affecting the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment are suspected to play a role. There is an increasing evidence that the gut microbiome exerts an influence on its host's adaptive and innate immune systems, inflammatory pathways and the BM microenvironment. Dysbiosis, therefore, may impact tumorigenesis in MM. This article gives an overview of potential mechanisms by which the microbiome may influence the pathogenesis of MM, MM patients' responses to treatment and toxicities experienced by MM patients undergoing autologous transplant. It also discusses the potential role of the mycobiome in MM, a less studied component of the microbiome.
多发性骨髓瘤（MM）是一种终末分化的浆细胞恶性肿瘤，通常随着时间的推移从其前体——意义未明的单克隆丙种球蛋白血症演变而来。虽然这种演变的潜在机制仍难以捉摸，但影响骨髓（BM）微环境的免疫调节因子被怀疑发挥了作用。越来越多的证据表明，肠道微生物组对其宿主的适应性和先天免疫系统、炎症途径和 BM 微环境产生影响。因此，肠道菌群失调可能会影响 MM 的肿瘤发生。本文概述了微生物组可能影响 MM 发病机制、MM 患者对治疗的反应以及接受自体移植的 MM 患者所经历的毒性的潜在机制。它还讨论了 MM 中真菌组的潜在作用，这是微生物组中研究较少的一个组成部分。
