J Am Psychoanal Assoc. 2020 Jun;68(3):359-406. doi: 10.1177/0003065120932170. Epub 2020 Jun 25.
Previous considerations of Freud's 1910 pathography of Leonardo da Vinci have grappled mainly with errors of fact (among them a mistranslation in the study's signature childhood memory, widely known since the 1950s). Here a more consequential flaw is examined: Freud's fatefully pathogenic framing of Leonardo's homosexuality. While few present-day analysts share that perspective in its entirety, Freud's complex and plausible reconstruction drew wide support in the literature for more than a century and has to date never been subjected to rigorous critique. A close reading of the study, exploring Freud's perspective and that of later psychoanalysts and historians, seeks to account for the biography's tenacious grip on the psychoanalytic imagination. In the end, it is argued, the pathography is a failed effort to grapple with an unsettling transformation unfolding around and within Freud: the emergence of the category that eventually would be called the "healthy homosexual."
以往对弗洛伊德 1910 年列奥纳多·达·芬奇传记的研究主要集中在事实错误上（其中包括该研究中著名的童年记忆的翻译错误，自 20 世纪 50 年代以来广为人知）。在这里，我们考察了一个更具重要意义的缺陷：弗洛伊德将莱奥纳多的同性恋归因于病理性原因。尽管当今很少有分析师完全认同这一观点，但弗洛伊德复杂而合理的重建在一个多世纪以来得到了文献的广泛支持，迄今为止从未受到严格的批判。对这项研究进行仔细阅读，探讨弗洛伊德的观点以及后来的精神分析学家和历史学家的观点，旨在解释传记对精神分析想象力的顽强控制。最后，本文认为，传记是弗洛伊德试图应对围绕着他以及他自身发生的令人不安的转变的一次失败尝试：即最终被称为“健康同性恋”的范畴的出现。
