John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Department of Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2020;158:36-62. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.010. Epub 2020 Jun 24.
Physically triggered systems hold promise for improving drug delivery by enhancing the controllability of drug accumulation and release, lowering non-specific toxicity, and facilitating clinical translation. Several external physical stimuli including ultrasound, light, electric fields and magnetic fields have been used to control drug delivery and they share some common features such as spatial targeting, spatiotemporal control, and minimal invasiveness. At the same time, they possess several distinctive features in terms of interactions with biological entities and/or the extent of stimulus response. Here, we review the key advances of such systems with a focus on discussing their physical mechanisms, the design rationales, and translational challenges.
物理触发系统有望通过增强药物积累和释放的可控性、降低非特异性毒性和促进临床转化来改善药物输送。已经使用了几种外部物理刺激物，包括超声、光、电场和磁场，以控制药物输送，它们具有一些共同的特征，如空间靶向、时空控制和最小侵入性。同时，它们在与生物实体的相互作用和/或刺激反应的程度方面具有一些独特的特征。在这里，我们回顾了这些系统的关键进展，重点讨论了它们的物理机制、设计原理和转化挑战。
