Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.
Laboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.
Curr Top Dev Biol. 2020;140:145-179. doi: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2020.02.001. Epub 2020 Mar 6.
The transmission of genetic information from one generation to another is crucial for survival of animal species. This is accomplished by the induction of primordial germ cells (PGCs) that will eventually establish the germline. In some animals the germline is induced by signals in gastrula, whereas in others it is specified by inheritance of maternal determinants, known as germ plasm. In zebrafish, aggregation and compaction of maternally derived germ plasm during the first several embryonic cell cycles is essential for generation of PGCs. These processes are controlled by cellular functions associated with the cellular division apparatus. Ribonucleoparticles containing germ plasm components are bound to both the ends of astral microtubules and a dynamic F-actin network through a mechanism integrated with that which drives the cell division program. In this chapter we discuss the role that modifications of the cell division apparatus, including the cytoskeleton and cytoskeleton-associated proteins, play in the regulation of zebrafish germ plasm assembly.
遗传信息从一代传递到另一代对于动物物种的生存至关重要。这是通过诱导原始生殖细胞（PGC）来实现的，这些细胞最终将建立生殖系。在一些动物中，生殖系是由囊胚中的信号诱导的，而在另一些动物中，则是通过母源决定因素的遗传来指定的，这些决定因素被称为生殖质。在斑马鱼中，母源来源的生殖质在最初的几个胚胎细胞周期中的聚集和浓缩对于 PGC 的产生是必不可少的。这些过程受与细胞分裂装置相关的细胞功能控制。含有生殖质成分的核糖核蛋白通过与驱动细胞分裂程序的机制整合的机制，结合到星体微管的两端和动态的 F-肌动蛋白网络上。在本章中，我们讨论了细胞分裂装置的修饰（包括细胞骨架和细胞骨架相关蛋白）在调控斑马鱼生殖质组装中的作用。
