Borden Shelly B, Maerz Bradley J, Bacon Douglas R
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Ave B6/319 CSC, Madison, WI 53792-3727.
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI.
J Anesth Hist. 2020 Jun;6(2):49-53. doi: 10.1016/j.janh.2019.08.005. Epub 2019 Sep 9.
Behind every successful physician there are mentors to light the path. Ralph Waters, founder of the anesthesiology residency at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, was an instrumental part of Virginia Apgar's success; his support of her education and promotion of her professional endeavors proved to shape the medical powerhouse that Apgar would become. In this article, we learn about the professional and personal relationship between Waters and Apgar through personal correspondence from the Ralph Waters Collection at University of Wisconsin Archives, scientific publications, and meeting records. Through his support of her career, she was able to achieve success despite the Great Depression, World War II, and the novelty of being a woman in medicine. In her career, Apgar became the first female full professor at Columbia University, designed and implemented the Apgar score, and led the Division of Congenital Malformations at the March of Dimes among many other accomplishments. Though they lived half of a country apart in Wisconsin and in New York, the mentor and mentee bridged the gap in geography through regular correspondence, American Society of Anesthetists (now American Society of Anesthesiologists) meetings (where Waters served as president and Apgar as treasurer), and exchange of trainees between the University of Wisconsin at Madison and Columbia University. Apgar revealed herself to be a persistent, hardworking, intelligent, and passionate academic physician - the perfect pupil for Waters. This article's aim is to underscore the importance of mentorship - with equal commitment to the relationship from mentor and mentee - then and now.
每一位成功的医生背后都有导师为其照亮前行的道路。威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校麻醉学住院医师培训项目的创始人拉尔夫·沃特斯，对弗吉尼亚·阿普加的成功起到了至关重要的作用；他对她的教育支持以及对她职业发展的推动，无疑塑造了阿普加日后成为的医学巨擘。在本文中，我们通过威斯康星大学档案馆拉尔夫·沃特斯藏品中的私人信件、科学出版物以及会议记录，了解沃特斯和阿普加之间的职业及个人关系。尽管经历了大萧条、第二次世界大战以及身为女性投身医学领域所面临的种种新奇挑战，但通过他对她职业生涯的支持，她得以取得成功。在她的职业生涯中，阿普加成为哥伦比亚大学首位女性正教授，设计并实施了阿普加评分，还在“出生缺陷基金会”领导先天性畸形部门，此外还有诸多其他成就。尽管他们一个住在威斯康星州，另一个住在纽约，相隔半个美国，但这位导师和弟子通过定期通信、美国麻醉医师协会（现为美国麻醉医师学会）会议（沃特斯担任会长，阿普加担任财务主管）以及威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校和哥伦比亚大学之间的学员交流，跨越了地理上的差距。阿普加展现出自己是一位执着、勤奋、聪慧且充满激情的学术型医生——是沃特斯的完美弟子。本文旨在强调师徒关系的重要性——无论过去还是现在，师徒双方都要对这种关系投入同等的精力。
