College of Nursing,Washington State University, Washington, USA; Sleep and Performance ResearchCenter, Washington State University, Washington USA.
College of Nursing,Washington State University, Washington, USA; Sleep and Performance ResearchCenter, Washington State University, Washington USA.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2020 Dec;112:103667. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103667. Epub 2020 Jun 4.
Due to the 24hr nature of society, shift work has become an integral part of many industries. Within the literature there exists an abundance of evidence linking shift work-related sleep restriction and fatigue with errors, accidents, and adverse long-term health outcomes.
The study goal was to physiologically measure sleep patterns and predicted cognitive decline of nurses working both 12hr day and night shifts to address the growing concern about sleep restriction among healthcare workers.
This study presents the results of a quasi-experimental, mixed between-within design where the sleep of 12hr day and night shift nurses was measured using ReadiBand wrist actigraphs. The between groups component was comprised of day v. night shift nurses. The within groups component was comprised of two separate measurement periods for each nurse-once for three consecutive days while they were working shifts (on duty) and once for three consecutive days off work (off duty).
Participants wore the wrist actigraph at home and in the hospital, and were instructed to adhere to their regular sleep schedule.
Participants were recruited from two hospitals in Washington State (n=90). Participants were 48 night- and 42 day-shift nurses. All participants worked 12-hour shifts.
Sleep was measured using ReadiBand wrist actigraphs, which are licensed with the Sleep, Activity, Fatigue, and Task Effectiveness (SAFTE) Alertness Score model, a biomathematical model that predicts cognitive effectiveness based on sleep/wake schedule. ReadiBands also calculate sleep quantity, sleep efficiency, and sleep latency. Results were analysed in SPSS (v26) through multilevel modelling.
Differences were observed in sleep quantity, efficiency, and latency based on shift type (day vs. night) and shift duty (on vs. off). The most extreme differences, however, were noted in cognitive effectiveness (SAFTE), whereby night shift nurses experienced substantial decline-frequently into the "high risk" zone-throughout their shifts compared to day shift nurses.
The present study identifies sleep characteristics that differ between day and night nurses working 12-hour shifts using objective measurements of sleep. Biomathematical modelling can offer a novel method to estimate hours of greatest cognitive decline, and have implications for policy around shift duration, timing, and overtime allocation.
由于社会的 24 小时性质，轮班工作已成为许多行业不可或缺的一部分。文献中有大量证据表明，轮班相关的睡眠限制和疲劳与错误、事故和不良的长期健康后果有关。
本研究的目的是通过生理测量来评估从事 12 小时白班和夜班的护士的睡眠模式和预测认知能力下降，以解决医护人员睡眠限制日益增加的问题。
本研究采用 ReadiBand 腕动描记器对 12 小时白班和夜班护士的睡眠进行测量，呈现了一项准实验性、混合组内-组间设计的结果。组间部分由白班和夜班护士组成。组内部分由每位护士的两个单独测量期组成，一次是连续三天在工作岗位（值班）期间，一次是连续三天休假（休息）期间。
参与者在家中和医院佩戴腕动描记器，并被要求遵守他们的正常睡眠时间表。
参与者来自华盛顿州的两家医院（n=90）。参与者包括 48 名夜班护士和 42 名白班护士。所有参与者均从事 12 小时轮班工作。
睡眠使用 ReadiBand 腕动描记器进行测量，该仪器获得了 Sleep, Activity, Fatigue, and Task Effectiveness（SAFTE）Alertness Score 模型的许可，该模型是一种生物数学模型，根据睡眠/觉醒时间表预测认知效能。ReadiBands 还计算睡眠量、睡眠效率和睡眠潜伏期。结果在 SPSS（v26）中通过多层次建模进行分析。
根据班次类型（白班与夜班）和班次值班（值班与休息），观察到睡眠量、效率和潜伏期的差异。然而，最显著的差异是认知效能（SAFTE），夜班护士在轮班期间经历了显著的下降，经常进入“高风险”区域，与白班护士相比。
本研究使用睡眠的客观测量方法，确定了从事 12 小时轮班工作的白班和夜班护士之间不同的睡眠特征。生物数学模型可以提供一种估计认知能力下降最严重的小时数的新方法，并对轮班时间、定时和加班分配政策产生影响。
