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在镉污染土壤条件下,油菜-水稻轮作中应用无机钝化剂降低糙米中的镉含量。

Application of inorganic passivators reduced Cd contents in brown rice in oilseed rape-rice rotation under Cd contaminated soil.

机构信息

Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China.

Department of Crop Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China; Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, PR China, Guangzhou, 510642, PR China; College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, PR China.

出版信息

Chemosphere. 2020 Nov;259:127404. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127404. Epub 2020 Jun 20.

Abstract

Immobilization of heavy metals by the application of chemical amendments is an eco-friendly, economical and effective method to remediate cadmium (Cd) -contaminated soils. Field experiments were conducted during 2016-2018 following oilseed rape-rice rotation with the application of inorganic passivators i.e., slaked lime (CaOH>95%) and sepiolite (SiO>50%, MgO>20%). The experimental treatments were comprised of: rice planting in winter fallow and without passivator (F-PA0); fallow with slaked lime (F-PA1); fallow with sepiolite (F-PA2); oilseed rape-rice rotation without passivator (R-PA0); rotation with slaked lime (R-PA1); and rotation with sepiolite (R-PA2). The slaked lime and sepiolite were applied after the harvest of rape at 2000 and 5000 kg ha, respectively. Results revealed that the Cd contents were reduced by 47.44-49.03% in brown rice for F-PA2 and 9.54-42.66% in soil for R-PA2. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was decreased by 10.65-17.98%, the malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were reduced by 28.57% whereas the proline content was decreased by 32.61% under R-PA2. In addition, the filled grain percentage was improved by 6.87% (F-PA2) and 3.70% (R-PA1), respectively. Overall, rice sown after oilseed rape gave better yields than sown after fallow fields while application of slaked lime and sepiolite as passivator could be a potential management option to grow crops in metal polluted soils.

摘要

施用化学改良剂固定重金属是一种环保、经济、有效的方法,可用于修复镉(Cd)污染土壤。在油菜-水稻轮作期间,于 2016-2018 年进行了田间试验,应用了无机钝化剂,即熟石灰(CaOH>95%)和海泡石(SiO>50%,MgO>20%)。实验处理包括:冬闲不施钝化剂(F-PA0);冬闲施熟石灰(F-PA1);冬闲施海泡石(F-PA2);油菜-水稻轮作不施钝化剂(R-PA0);轮作施熟石灰(R-PA1);轮作施海泡石(R-PA2)。熟石灰和海泡石分别在油菜收获后 2000 和 5000 kg/ha 时施入。结果表明,F-PA2 糙米中 Cd 含量降低了 47.44-49.03%,R-PA2 土壤中 Cd 含量降低了 9.54-42.66%。R-PA2 中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性降低了 10.65-17.98%,丙二醛(MDA)含量降低了 28.57%,脯氨酸含量降低了 32.61%。此外,F-PA2 下的饱满粒率提高了 6.87%,R-PA1 下的提高了 3.70%。总体而言,油菜后播种的水稻产量高于冬闲后播种的水稻,而施用熟石灰和海泡石作为钝化剂可能是在金属污染土壤中种植作物的一种潜在管理选择。

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