College of Resources Science & Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, No. 211Huimin Road, Chengdu, 611130, China.
Jinyang Agricultural Bureau of Sichuan Province, No. 349 Pingshan Street, Deyang, 643000, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 May;26(14):13762-13772. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-2914-1. Epub 2018 Aug 17.
Cadmium (Cd) stress is a serious concern in agricultural soils worldwide, and increasing accumulation and subsequent transfer to humans via the food chain can have potentially harmful effects. In this study, field experiments were conducted to examine the uptake and translocation of Cd in rice, changes in the soil Cd speciation, and the subsequent effect on Cd accumulation in rice under combined organic (farmyard manure and crop straw) and inorganic (sepiolite, lime, and calcium-magnesium phosphate) soil amendments. The results showed that farmyard manure combined with sepiolite or lime and straw combined with lime or calcium-magnesium phosphate reduced the Cd translocation from the rice roots to the straw and the grains, significantly decreasing the Cd accumulation in brown rice. In addition, straw combined with sepiolite, lime, or calcium-magnesium phosphate reduced the Cd accumulation in brown rice but increased the Cd translocation from the roots to the straw by 37.8-279.3% compared with the control. Organic-inorganic amendments also decreased the soil exchangeable Cd and increased the organic-bound Cd by more than 40%. Fe-Mn oxide-bound Cd also increased but varied with growth. Cd accumulation in brown rice showed a significant positive relationship with soil exchangeable Cd at 90 days after transplantation, while at 30 days, the increase in Fe-Mn oxide- and organic-bound Cd was found to be the key factor in reducing the Cd accumulation in rice. These findings suggest that straw (under rice-rape rotation) and farmyard manure (under rice-wheat rotation) combined with sepiolite or lime are widely applicable as agronomic control techniques aimed at lowering Cd pollution.
镉（Cd）胁迫是全球农业土壤中的一个严重问题，其不断积累并通过食物链转移到人类身上可能会产生潜在的有害影响。在这项研究中，进行了田间试验，以研究镉在水稻中的吸收和迁移、土壤镉形态的变化，以及随后在有机（厩肥和作物秸秆）和无机（海泡石、石灰和钙镁磷肥）土壤改良剂联合作用下镉在水稻中的积累情况。结果表明，厩肥与海泡石或石灰结合，或秸秆与石灰或钙镁磷肥结合，减少了镉从水稻根部向秸秆和米粒的迁移，显著降低了糙米中的镉积累。此外，与对照相比，秸秆与海泡石、石灰或钙镁磷肥结合增加了糙米中的镉积累，但增加了根部向秸秆的镉迁移量，增加了 37.8-279.3%。有机-无机改良剂还增加了土壤可交换态 Cd，使有机结合态 Cd 增加了 40%以上。铁锰氧化物结合态 Cd 也有所增加，但随生长而变化。糙米中的 Cd 积累与移栽后 90 天的土壤可交换态 Cd 呈显著正相关，而在 30 天时，发现增加铁锰氧化物结合态和有机结合态 Cd 是降低水稻 Cd 积累的关键因素。这些发现表明，秸秆（在水稻-油菜轮作下）和厩肥（在水稻-小麦轮作下）与海泡石或石灰结合，是一种广泛适用的农业控制技术，可以降低 Cd 污染。
