当护理成为你的家时，对你来说重要的是什么：居住在养老院的痴呆症患者的观点的定性研究。
What matters to you when the nursing is your home: a qualitative study on the views of residents with dementia living in nursing homes.
机构信息
OsloMet-Metropolitan University, Faculty of Health Sciences, 0130, Oslo, Norway.
Lørenskog Municipality, Centre for Development of Institutional and Home Care Services, Lørenskog, Akershus, Norway.
出版信息
BMC Geriatr. 2020 Jun 29;20(1):227. doi: 10.1186/s12877-020-01612-w.
BACKGROUND
Dementia is recognised as one of the greatest global public health challenges. A central tenet of national health and social care policy is to ensure that services support people in achieving their personal well-being and outcomes, defined as the things important to people in their lives, also people with dementia. The aim of this study is to explore what matters to nursing home residents with dementia based on their perceptions of nursing homes as home.
METHODS
There were conducted 35 interviews with people with dementia in nursing homes. We conducted the in-depth unstructured qualitative interviews. Thematic analysis was applied to analyse the data.
RESULTS
The analysis resulted in one over-arching theme "tension between the experiences of a nursing home being a home and an institution" and five themes; "myself and my relationships with fellow residents", "creation of individualised living spaces", "single rooms with personal decor that enhances a sense of connectedness", "transition between the old home and the new home" and "significant activities providing meaning". The participants stated that the transition to the supported, structured living environment in nursing homes to be a clear need based on immediate, serious safety concerns. They went from being masters of their own lives to adhering to nursing home routines. Fellow residents could be both resources and burdens, creating feelings of security and insecurity. A home-like environment was created by allowing the participants to bring their important personal belongings into private spaces. The participants said they needed to be able to decorate their rooms to their own specifications. They wanted involvement in meaningful activities.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings showed that 'home' was an emotive word that awakened many associations. The participants reported mixed feelings and stated that they could thrive even if they missed their old homes. What mattered was that the participants felt safe, had single rooms where they could retire from the community, their own belongings and did activities. The participants wanted greater possibilities for meaningful relations. They appreciate that nursing home were similar to their previous homes. They desired opportunities to continue some activities they did in their former home.
背景
痴呆症被认为是全球最大的公共卫生挑战之一。国家卫生和社会保健政策的核心原则是确保服务支持人们实现个人福祉和结果，这些结果被定义为人们生活中重要的事情，也包括痴呆症患者。本研究的目的是探讨基于痴呆症患者对疗养院作为家的看法，哪些因素对疗养院居民重要。
方法
对疗养院的痴呆症患者进行了 35 次访谈。我们进行了深入的非结构化定性访谈。应用主题分析对数据进行分析。
结果
分析得出一个总体主题“疗养院作为家与作为机构的体验之间的紧张关系”和五个主题；“我自己和我与其他居民的关系”、“创造个性化的生活空间”、“有个人装饰的单人房增强了归属感”、“从旧家到新家的过渡”和“有意义的活动提供意义”。参与者表示，由于直接的严重安全问题，他们需要从自己的生活过渡到支持性的结构化生活环境。他们从生活的主人变成了遵守疗养院日常作息的人。同病房的居民可能是资源，也可能是负担，会产生安全感和不安全感。通过允许参与者将自己重要的个人物品带入私人空间，创造了一种类似家的环境。参与者表示，他们需要能够按照自己的规格装饰自己的房间。他们希望参与有意义的活动。
结论
研究结果表明，“家”是一个唤起许多联想的情感词。参与者报告了复杂的感受，并表示即使他们想念自己的旧家，他们也可以茁壮成长。重要的是，参与者感到安全，有自己的单人房，可以远离社区、拥有自己的物品并进行活动。参与者希望有更多的机会建立有意义的关系。他们欣赏疗养院和他们以前的家相似。他们希望有机会继续他们以前在家里做的一些活动。
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