Frydrychowski Piotr, Michałek Marcin, Sławuta Agnieszka, Noszczyk-Nowak Agnieszka
Department of Internal Medicine and Clinic of Diseases of Horses, Dogs and Cats, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland.
Department of Internal and Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland.
Adv Clin Exp Med. 2020 Jun;29(6):757-767. doi: 10.17219/acem/122130.
In clinical practice, atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in humans and it may lead to numerous complications, including central nervous system embolism. The electrical activity of the heart in AF is rapid and chaotic, while the atrioventricular conduction leads to irregular ventricular contraction. Consequently, the stroke volume is reduced, which may lead to symptoms of heart failure. Heart failure is one of the causes of AF as well. Numerous in vivo and in vitro models are used to study the pathophysiology of AF. Animal models play a key role in understanding the mechanisms of arrhythmias as well as in developing treatment regimens. The models of AF include large animals (goats, sheep, pigs, dogs) as well as small laboratory animals. This study reviews the large animal models of AF, which enhance our understanding of numerous mechanisms responsible for the development of AF, but we must be aware that the pathomechanism of AF in humans is complex and is affected by numerous factors, including environmental and congenital ones.
在临床实践中，心房颤动（AF）是人类最常见的心律失常，它可能导致许多并发症，包括中枢神经系统栓塞。房颤时心脏的电活动快速且紊乱，而房室传导导致心室收缩不规则。因此，心输出量减少，这可能导致心力衰竭症状。心力衰竭也是房颤的原因之一。许多体内和体外模型被用于研究房颤的病理生理学。动物模型在理解心律失常机制以及制定治疗方案方面发挥着关键作用。房颤模型包括大型动物（山羊、绵羊、猪、狗）以及小型实验动物。本研究综述了房颤的大型动物模型，这些模型增进了我们对导致房颤发生的多种机制的理解，但我们必须意识到，人类房颤的发病机制很复杂，并且受到许多因素的影响，包括环境因素和先天性因素。
