Section of Abdominal Imaging at the Radiology Department, Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.
Abdominal Imaging, Centre IDI Girona, Hospital Universitario Doctor Josep Trueta, Avinguda de França s/n, 17007, Girona, Spain.
Abdom Radiol (NY). 2021 Jan;46(1):156-167. doi: 10.1007/s00261-020-02622-3. Epub 2020 Jun 30.
Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by periods of relative inactivity alternating with acute flare-ups. Imaging techniques play a fundamental role in the diagnosis and follow-up of Crohn's disease, providing information on the extent of disease, disease activity, and the presence of extramural complications. Because of the frequent re-evaluation required by the relapsing nature of Crohn's disease and the relative young age at which most patients are diagnosed, techniques that use ionizing radiation are best avoided in monitoring this population. Thus, magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) and ultrasonography (US) are the preferable techniques. Various studies have demonstrated that US is accurate in assessing the gut. Despite some clear advantages over MRE, US has long been underused in the evaluation of intestinal disease. This review presents an overview of the main imaging findings in Crohn's disease, correlating representative US images with MRE and surgical pathology specimens. We conclude that US reliably depicts both bowel-related and mesenteric features of Crohn's disease and US findings correlate strongly with MRE findings.
克罗恩病是一种慢性炎症性肠病，其特征是相对静止期与急性发作期交替出现。影像学技术在克罗恩病的诊断和随访中起着至关重要的作用，提供了关于疾病程度、疾病活动度以及是否存在肠外并发症的信息。由于克罗恩病具有反复发作的性质，且大多数患者在相对较年轻时被诊断出来，因此在监测这类人群时，最好避免使用会产生电离辐射的技术。因此，磁共振肠造影术（MRE）和超声检查（US）是首选技术。多项研究表明，US 在评估肠道方面具有较高的准确性。尽管 MRE 具有一些明显的优势，但 US 在肠病评估中一直未得到充分应用。本综述介绍了克罗恩病的主要影像学表现，将代表性的 US 图像与 MRE 和手术病理标本进行了关联。我们的结论是，US 可靠地描绘了克罗恩病的肠相关和肠系膜特征，并且 US 发现与 MRE 发现具有很强的相关性。
