Li Ming-Yan, Yang Wen, Wei Min, Zhu Hong-Xiao, Liu Hou-Feng
College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan 250014, China.
Weihai Environmental Monitoring Station, Weihai 264200, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2020 Apr 8;41(4):1550-1560. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201907043.
To clarify the pollution characteristics and sources of PM in Weihai during the heating period, PM samples from ambient air were collected at three routine air quality monitoring sites from January to March 2018. The OC, EC, water-soluble ions, and elements in PM were analyzed, and the sources of PM were identified using the PMF model. The results showed that the average daily mass concentration of PM was (33.80±22.45) μg·m, and the NO, NH, SO, OC, and EC were the main components of PM. As a coastal city, the Cl ratio was relatively high in PM. Meanwhile, the compositions of PM were affected by the emission of pollutants with local industrial characteristics. Both NO/SO and OC/EC showed that mobile sources had a high contribution during the heating period. The acid-base ions in water-soluble ions showed that PM is weakly alkaline, and NH is excessive. NH mainly existed in the form of NHNO and (NH)SO. During the polluted period, the concentration of secondary pollutants significantly increased, and the mass concentrations of NH, NO, SO, OC, and EC were 4.21, 5.27, 3.23, 2.02, and 1.81 times that of the cleaning period, respectively. The PMF model showed that secondary aerosols were the major source of PM, accounting for 32.4%-36.0% of PM. The contributions of vehicle exhaust, coal combustion, biomass burning, and dust were 15.6%-18.9%, 12.1%-17.8%, 9.0%-10.4%, and 8.6%-11.3%, respectively, while the contributions of process emission (2.1%-8.3%), non-road mobile sources (2.4%-3.7%), and sea salt (3.5%-5.6%) were less.
为阐明威海市供暖期细颗粒物（PM）的污染特征及来源，于2018年1月至3月在3个常规空气质量监测点采集了环境空气中的PM样本。分析了PM中的有机碳（OC）、元素碳（EC）、水溶性离子和元素，并利用正定矩阵因子分解（PMF）模型识别了PM的来源。结果表明，PM的日均质量浓度为（33.80±22.45）μg·m ，NO、NH、SO、OC和EC是PM的主要成分。作为沿海城市，PM中的Cl占比相对较高。同时，PM的组成受具有当地工业特征污染物排放的影响。NO/SO和OC/EC均表明，供暖期移动源的贡献较高。水溶性离子中的酸碱离子表明PM呈弱碱性，且NH过量。NH主要以NHNO和（NH）SO的形式存在。污染期二次污染物浓度显著增加，NH、NO、SO、OC和EC的质量浓度分别是清洁期的4.21、5.27、3.23、2.02和1.81倍。PMF模型表明，二次气溶胶是PM的主要来源，占PM的32.4% - 36.0%。汽车尾气、煤炭燃烧、生物质燃烧和扬尘的贡献分别为15.6% - 18.9%、12.1% - 17.8%、9.0% - 10.4%和8.6% - 11.3%，而工艺排放（2.1% - 8.3%）、非道路移动源（2.4% - 3.7%）和海盐（3.5% - 5.6%）的贡献较小。
