Zhu Li-Ying, Chen Yuan-Yuan, Liu Jing, Wang Ya-Wei, Wang Chun-Rong, Wei Yuan-Song, Zhang Yu-Xin
School of Chemical&Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining&Technology, Beijing 100083, China.
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2020 Feb 8;41(2):702-712. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201906207.
The Wenyu River is an important ecological corridor of Beijing. In this study, the spatio-temporal dynamics of water quality and phytoplankton community in the Wenyu River in 2006, 2011, and 2018, as well as their relationship were thoroughly analyzed by historical data analysis and field surveys. Results show that the water quality in the Wenyu River improved significantly from serious pollution owing to pollution containment. The major water pollutant has shifted from ammonia nitrogen (NH-N) to total nitrogen (TN). Compared with 2011, the average multiple of NH-N and total nitrogen TN exceeding the national standard were reduced by factors of 0.29-0.33 and 2.77-2.39, respectively, in 2018. The average concentration of NH-N and TN decreased from 15.52-19.16 mg·L and 20.21-19.58 mg·L in 2011 to 1.93-2.66 mg·L and 5.66-6.79 mg·L in 2018. Moreover, dissolved oxygen (DO) and NH-N concentrations in the Wenyu River and its tributaries, the Qinghe River, almost met requirements of their water function zoning target. Corresponding with the water quality improvement, the phytoplankton and community species increased dramatically. Phytoplankton species increased from 6 to 8 phyla, as well as community species. The dominant species changed from Chlorophyta in 2006 to the Cyanophyta in 2011, then to Bacillariophyta in 2018. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index () and evenness Pielou index () had improved. However, the major dominant species such as and persisted, and the Wenyu River was still in the eutrophication state in 2018. Statistical analysis results indicated that Cyanophyta, Bacillariophyta, and other algae abundance were significantly correlated with DO, pH, NH-N, TN, and TP.
温榆河是北京重要的生态廊道。本研究通过历史数据分析和实地调查，深入分析了2006年、2011年和2018年温榆河水环境质量及浮游植物群落的时空动态变化及其相互关系。结果表明，通过截污治理，温榆河水质由重度污染显著改善，主要水污染物由氨氮（NH-N）转变为总氮（TN）。与2011年相比，2018年NH-N和TN超标倍数均值分别下降了0.290.33倍和2.772.39倍，NH-N和TN平均浓度分别由2011年的15.5219.16 mg·L和20.2119.58 mg·L下降至2018年的1.932.66 mg·L和5.666.79 mg·L。此外，温榆河及其支流清河的溶解氧（DO）和NH-N浓度基本满足水功能区达标要求。随着水质改善，浮游植物种类和群落种类均显著增加，浮游植物门类从6门增加到8门，群落种类也有所增加。优势种由2006年的绿藻门转变为2011年的蓝藻门，再转变为2018年的硅藻门。香农-威纳多样性指数（）和皮洛均匀度指数（）均有所提高。但蓝藻门、硅藻门等主要优势门类仍然存在，2018年温榆河仍处于富营养化状态。统计分析结果表明，蓝藻门、硅藻门等藻类丰度与DO、pH、NH-N、TN和TP显著相关。
