Xu Yu-Jie, Gong Yue-Min, Bi Jun-Peng, Wang Yang, Cheng Jun-Rui, Wang Kan
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2020 Jul 8;41(7):3275-3284. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201911060.
The pollution of rainwater runoff in urban areas can cause nutrient enrichment and eutrophication in receiving waters. To explore the pollution characteristics of rainwater runoff in Ningbo, eight sampling campaigns were carried out during rainfall events from 2009 to 2019. Samples of rainwater runoff were collected from underlying surfaces of roofs, squares, grassland, main roads, and the roads in commercial streets and residential districts. The concentrations of runoff pollutants, their sources and correlations, and first flush effects were studied using frequency statistical analysis and correlation analysis. The average event mean concentrations of the chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and total suspended solids (TSS) in the rainwater runoff in Ningbo were in the ranges of 23.88-102.31, 0.40-1.69, 3.41-8.71, 0.09-0.50, and 37.6-323.4 mg·L, respectively. Apart from the square surfaces, the COD and total nitrogen pollution of the underlying surfaces was severe. The ammonia nitrogen concentrations from the roof, commercial street, and residential district surfaces were significantly higher (<0.05) than those from the square, grassland, and main road surfaces. The concentrations of total phosphorus from the commercial street, main road, and grassland surfaces were significantly higher (<0.05) than those of the other underlying surfaces. The correlations of TSS with COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus showed that the pollutants and TSS have the same original sources in roof, square, main road, and commercial street runoff, while ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen have the same original sources in runoff from grassland and residential areas. Under the meteorological conditions of light and moderate rain, the first flush effects of ammonia nitrogen in the runoff of roofs and grassland were observed clearly, whereas this was not the same for the pollutants of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the residential area, main road, and square runoff.
城市雨水径流污染会导致受纳水体的营养盐富集和富营养化。为探究宁波雨水径流的污染特征，于2009年至2019年降雨期间开展了8次采样活动。从屋顶、广场、草地、主干道以及商业街和居民区道路的下垫面采集雨水径流样本。采用频率统计分析和相关性分析方法，研究了径流污染物的浓度、来源及相关性，以及初期冲刷效应。宁波雨水径流中化学需氧量（COD）、氨氮、总氮、总磷和总悬浮固体（TSS）的平均事件平均浓度分别在23.88 - 102.31、0.40 - 1.69、3.41 - 8.71、0.09 - 0.50和37.6 - 323.4 mg·L范围内。除广场下垫面外，其他下垫面的COD和总氮污染严重。屋顶、商业街和居民区下垫面的氨氮浓度显著高于（<0.05）广场、草地和主干道下垫面。商业街、主干道和草地表面的总磷浓度显著高于（<0.05）其他下垫面。TSS与COD、氨氮和总磷的相关性表明，屋顶、广场、主干道和商业街径流中的污染物与TSS具有相同的来源，而草地和居民区径流中的氨氮和总氮具有相同的来源。在小雨和中雨气象条件下，屋顶和草地径流中氨氮的初期冲刷效应明显，而居民区、主干道和广场径流中总氮和总磷污染物的初期冲刷效应则不同。
