Mena Mabel, Valdebenito José Osvaldo, Moreno Lucila, Fuentes-Castillo Danny, Kinsella John Mike, Mironov Sergey, Barrientos Carlos, Cicchino Armando, González-Acuña Daniel
Laboratorio de Parásitos y Enfermedades de Fauna Silvestre, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Chillán, Chile.
Milner Centre for Evolution, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom.
Rev Bras Parasitol Vet. 2020 Jun 26;29(2):e021819. doi: 10.1590/S1984-29612020022. eCollection 2020.
Comparative studies of parasites in sympatric bird species have been generally scarce. Parasitic infection/transmission can be spread in a number of ways that suggests possible direct and indirect, horizontal transmission between avian hosts. In order to determine whether two sympatric icterids from Central and Southern Chile share their parasite fauna (ecto- and endoparasites), we examined parasites of 27 Shiny Cowbirds, Molothrus bonariensis, and 28 Austral Blackbirds, Curaeus curaeus, including individuals captured in the wild and carcasses. We found that Shiny Cowbirds were infected with the chewing lice Brueelia bonariensis, Philopterus sp. 1, the feather mites Amerodectes molothrus, Proctophyllodes spp. (species 1 and 2), and the helminths Mediorhynchus papillosus, Plagiorhynchus sp., Dispharynx nasuta and Tetrameres paucispina, while Austral Blackbirds had the chewing lice Myrsidea sp., Philopterus sp. 2, the feather mites Proctophyllodes sp. 3, Amerodectes sp., and three helminths: Anonchotaenia sp., Capillaria sp. and M. papillosus. The flea Dasypsyllus (Neornipsyllus) cteniopus was found only on the Austral Blackbird. The only parasite species shared by both icterids was the acanthocephalan M. papillosus, possibly due to their feeding on the same intermediate insect hosts. With the exception of B. bonariensis and Philopterus sp. 1 found on the Shiny Cowbird, all species reported in this study represent new parasite-host associations and new records of parasite diversity in Chile.
对同域分布鸟类物种体内寄生虫的比较研究通常较少。寄生虫感染/传播可以通过多种方式进行，这表明在鸟类宿主之间可能存在直接和间接的水平传播。为了确定智利中部和南部的两种同域分布拟鹂科鸟类是否共享其寄生虫群落（外寄生虫和内寄生虫），我们检查了27只辉拟椋鸟（Molothrus bonariensis）和28只南美黑鹂（Curaeus curaeus）的寄生虫，包括野外捕获的个体和尸体。我们发现辉拟椋鸟感染了咀嚼虱Brueelia bonariensis、Philopterus sp. 1、羽螨Amerodectes molothrus、Proctophyllodes spp.（物种1和2）以及蠕虫Mediorhynchus papillosus、Plagiorhynchus sp.、Dispharynx nasuta和Tetrameres paucispina，而南美黑鹂感染了咀嚼虱Myrsidea sp.、Philopterus sp. 2、羽螨Proctophyllodes sp. 3、Amerodectes sp.以及三种蠕虫：Anonchotaenia sp.、Capillaria sp.和M. papillosus。跳蚤Dasypsyllus (Neornipsyllus) cteniopus仅在南美黑鹂身上发现。两种拟鹂科鸟类共有的唯一寄生虫物种是棘头虫M. papillosus，这可能是由于它们以相同的中间昆虫宿主为食。除了在辉拟椋鸟身上发现的B. bonariensis和Philopterus sp. 1外，本研究中报告的所有物种均代表智利新的寄生虫-宿主关联和寄生虫多样性新记录。
