人类色盲患者光感受器的方向敏感性。

The directional sensitivity of the photoreceptors in the human achromat.

作者信息

Nordby K, Sharpe L T

机构信息

Neurological Clinic, Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg im Breisgau, F.R.G.

出版信息

J Physiol. 1988 May;399:267-81. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1988.sp017079.

DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.1988.sp017079

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1191663/

Abstract

The anatomical nature of the retinal photoreceptors in a typical, complete achromat was investigated by measuring their directional sensitivity. 2. A small (0.5 deg), brief (94 ms) test flash was placed at threshold by varying either its intensity (indirect method) or the intensity of a large (5 deg) adapting field (direct method). The dependent variable was the intensity of light required for the detection threshold as a function of the position of entry in the pupil. An infra-red viewing system was used to monitor the achromat's pupil and eye position. 3. At both scotopic and mesopic adapting field luminances, the complete achromat's receptors displayed only a small directional sensitivity effect. The effect was not wavelength dependent and could be attributed solely to the rods. 4. The results are consistent with other psychophysical evidence indicating that the complete achromat's retinae lack the post-receptoral function of the cone photoreceptors. Therefore they do not confirm previous reports that complete achromats have a second, high-intensity type of photoreceptor.

摘要

通过测量典型完全色盲者视网膜光感受器的方向敏感性，对其解剖学特性进行了研究。2. 通过改变小（0.5度）、短（94毫秒）测试闪光的强度（间接法）或大（5度）适应场的强度（直接法），将测试闪光置于阈值处。因变量是检测阈值所需的光强度，它是瞳孔中入射位置的函数。使用红外观察系统监测色盲者的瞳孔和眼睛位置。3. 在暗适应和明适应场亮度下，完全色盲者的感受器仅表现出很小的方向敏感性效应。该效应与波长无关，且可完全归因于视杆细胞。4. 这些结果与其他心理物理学证据一致，表明完全色盲者的视网膜缺乏锥体细胞光感受器的感受器后功能。因此，它们不支持先前关于完全色盲者有第二种高强度光感受器类型的报道。