Institute of Plant Protection (IPP), China Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China; Chrysalis Consulting, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, Thailand.
Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2020 Aug;40:77-84. doi: 10.1016/j.cois.2020.05.012. Epub 2020 Jun 4.
Insects are indispensable actors within global agri-food systems and ensure the delivery of myriad ecosystem services. A progressive decline in insect numbers - as inflicted by habitat loss, pollution or intensive agriculture - can jeopardize a sustained provisioning of those services. Though we routinely disregard how insects help meet multiple sustainable development challenges, a gradual insect decline can have grave, long-lasting consequences. Here, we describe how insect-mediated biological control not only defuses invasive pests and can reconstitute crop productivity, but equally delivers other positive social-ecological outcomes. Drawing upon the pan-tropical invasion of the cassava mealybug and its ensuing suppression by the monophagous parasitoid Anagyrus lopezi, we illuminate how biological control contributes to food security, poverty alleviation, human wellbeing and environmental preservation. Trans-disciplinary research and 'systems thinking' are needed to maximize the potential of these biodiversity-driven interventions, and thus reap the net positive spin-offs insects provide for farmers, the environment and human society.
昆虫在全球农业食品系统中扮演着不可或缺的角色，确保了无数生态系统服务的提供。昆虫数量的逐渐减少——如栖息地丧失、污染或集约化农业所导致的——可能危及这些服务的持续供应。尽管我们通常忽略了昆虫在应对多种可持续发展挑战方面的作用，但昆虫数量的逐渐减少可能会产生严重的、持久的后果。在这里，我们描述了昆虫介导的生物防治不仅可以化解入侵害虫，还可以恢复作物生产力，同时也带来了其他积极的社会-生态结果。我们以木薯粉蚧在泛热带地区的入侵及其随后被单食性寄生蜂 Anagyrus lopezi 抑制为例，说明了生物防治如何有助于粮食安全、减贫、人类福祉和环境保护。需要跨学科研究和“系统思维”来最大限度地发挥这些由生物多样性驱动的干预措施的潜力，从而为农民、环境和人类社会获得昆虫提供的净积极回报。
