Grupo de Estudos em Recursos Vegetais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 350, 79804-970, Dourados, MS, Brazil; Grupo de Estudos em Eletroquímica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 350, 79804-970, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
Grupo de Estudos em Recursos Vegetais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Recursos Naturais, Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, CP 350, 79804-970, Dourados, MS, Brazil.
Chemosphere. 2020 Nov;259:127417. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127417. Epub 2020 Jun 19.
Glyphosate (Gly) is the most widely used herbicide in the world and has broad-spectrum and non-selective activity. Its indiscriminate use hence risks contamination of water bodies and can affect living organisms, especially sensitive or resistant non-target plants. Despite this, studies on physiological mechanisms and Gly remediation in Neotropical aquatic plants remain limited. This study aims to evaluate the physiological mechanisms of the aquatic macrophyte Salvinia biloba on exposure to different concentrations of a Gly commercial formulation (Gly-CF) and a Gly analytical standard (Gly-AS). Furthermore, using square-wave voltammetry (SWV), we determined whether the studied plant could remove Gly from water. Our data suggest that Gly-AS and Gly-CF induce similar physiological responses in S. biloba. However, Gly-CF was more phytotoxic. Depending on the concentration, the two forms of Gly affected the plants, decreasing the chlorophyll a and b contents and the photosystem II (PSII) photochemical activity. The data also revealed that Gly promoted oxidative stress and increased the shikimic acid concentration. At the same time, the plants removed Gly from water, with 100% removal for 1 mg L Gly and above 60% removal for the other concentrations studied. Therefore, our results suggest that S. biloba may be a potential phytoremediation agent for low Gly concentrations, since 1 mg L Gly was completely removed and exhibited low phytotoxicity. This study deepens our scientific understanding of the Gly impact on and the phytoremediation potential of S. biloba.
草甘膦（Gly）是世界上使用最广泛的除草剂，具有广谱和非选择性活性。其滥用有污染水体的风险，会影响到生物体，特别是敏感或抗性的非靶标植物。尽管如此，关于新热带水生植物中草甘膦的生理机制和修复的研究仍然有限。本研究旨在评估水生大型植物满江红暴露于不同浓度的草甘膦商业制剂（Gly-CF）和草甘膦分析标准品（Gly-AS）时的生理机制。此外，我们还采用方波伏安法（SWV）来确定研究植物是否能从水中去除草甘膦。我们的数据表明，Gly-AS 和 Gly-CF 会引起满江红产生相似的生理反应。然而，Gly-CF 的毒性更大。两种形式的草甘膦都会根据浓度影响植物，降低叶绿素 a 和 b 的含量以及光系统 II（PSII）的光化学活性。数据还表明，草甘膦会促进氧化应激并增加莽草酸的浓度。同时，植物能从水中去除草甘膦，1mg/L 的草甘膦能被完全去除，其他浓度的去除率超过 60%。因此，我们的研究结果表明，满江红可能是一种有潜力的低浓度草甘膦的植物修复剂，因为 1mg/L 的草甘膦能被完全去除且毒性较低。本研究深化了我们对草甘膦对满江红的影响以及满江红的植物修复潜力的科学认识。
