Tavares L R, Vagos P, Xavier A
Universidade Portucalense Infante D. Henrique, Instituto de Desenvolvimento Humano Portucalense, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 541/619, 4200-072Porto, Portugal.
Universidade Portucalense Infante D. Henrique, Instituto de Desenvolvimento Humano Portucalense, Centro de Investigação em Neuropsicologia e Intervenção Cognitivo-Comportamental da Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da Educação da Universidade de Coimbra, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 541/619, 4200-072Porto, Portugal.
Int Psychogeriatr. 2023 Apr;35(4):179-192. doi: 10.1017/S1041610220001222. Epub 2020 Jul 6.
The identification of protection factors regarding older adults' mental health is essential. Self-compassion, the capacity to be kind towards the self during challenging times, may be one such factor. Although still scarce, some research in this field has already been conducted with older adults. Our research question was the following: what is currently known about the role of self-compassion in the psychological (mal)adjustment of older adults?
To review any study designs, in any setting, where self-compassion and any indicators of psychological (mal)adjustment were assessed in participants aged ≥60 years.
A scoping review of English, Portuguese, and Spanish published and unpublished materials, using the EBSCOhost Research and PubMed databases and reference lists. Search terms included self-compassion, self compassion, older adults, elderly, seniors, and geriatrics. After screening and selection of the studies, we charted the relevant data.
Eleven published studies (2012-2018) were reviewed. Self-compassion was associated with, and a predictor of, diverse mental health indicators in older adults. Self-compassion was also associated with indicators of physical health, moderated the relationship between physical health indicators and mental health indicators, and mediated the relationship between diverse mental health indicators. Results were obtained with participants of different nationalities and age. All studies had a cross-sectional design, and most studies recruited well-functioning community residents.
Self-compassion is beneficial for the psychological adjustment of older adults and may also benefit their biological functioning. Self-compassion seems particularly relevant for those experiencing more negative life events. Studies with more robust methodologies are needed in order to replicate these findings.
识别与老年人心理健康相关的保护因素至关重要。自我同情，即在困难时期善待自己的能力，可能是这样一个因素。尽管这方面的研究仍然很少，但已经有一些针对老年人的相关研究。我们的研究问题如下：目前关于自我同情在老年人心理（不）适应中的作用有哪些了解？
回顾在任何环境中对60岁及以上参与者进行自我同情和心理（不）适应任何指标评估的所有研究设计。
使用EBSCOhost Research和PubMed数据库以及参考文献列表，对英语、葡萄牙语和西班牙语的已发表和未发表材料进行范围综述。检索词包括自我同情、self compassion、老年人、elderly、seniors和老年医学。在筛选和选择研究后，我们梳理了相关数据。
回顾了11项已发表的研究（2012 - 2018年）。自我同情与老年人的多种心理健康指标相关，并且是这些指标的预测因素。自我同情还与身体健康指标相关，调节了身体健康指标与心理健康指标之间的关系，并介导了多种心理健康指标之间的关系。不同国籍和年龄的参与者都得到了相关结果。所有研究均采用横断面设计，且大多数研究招募的是功能良好的社区居民。
自我同情有利于老年人的心理调适，也可能有益于他们的生理功能。自我同情对于那些经历更多负面生活事件的人似乎尤为重要。需要采用更稳健方法的研究来重复这些发现。
