Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pennsylvania-Perelman School of Medicine, 1800 Lombard Street, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA.
Drexel School of Medicine, 2900 W. Queen Lane, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA.
Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2020 Aug;31(3):345-368. doi: 10.1016/j.pmr.2020.04.001. Epub 2020 Jun 3.
Cognitive dysfunction (CD) is pervasive in individuals who have chronic spinal cord injuries (SCI). Although classically associated with concomitant traumatic brain injuries, many other causes have been proposed, including premorbid neuropsychological conditions, mood disorders, substance abuse, polypharmacy, chronic pain and fatigue, sleep apnea, autonomic dysregulation, post-intensive care unit syndrome, cortical reorganizations, and neuroinflammation. The consequences of CD are likely widespread, affecting rehabilitation and function. CD in those with SCI should be recognized, and potentially treated, in order to provide the best patient care.
认知功能障碍（CD）在患有慢性脊髓损伤（SCI）的个体中普遍存在。尽管它通常与并发的创伤性脑损伤有关，但已经提出了许多其他原因，包括先前的神经心理学状况、情绪障碍、物质滥用、多种药物治疗、慢性疼痛和疲劳、睡眠呼吸暂停、自主神经功能障碍、重症监护后综合征、皮质重组和神经炎症。CD 的后果可能很广泛，影响康复和功能。为了提供最佳的患者护理，应该识别和可能治疗 SCI 患者的 CD。
