Passi Gouri Rao, Shamim Uzma, Rathore Surabhi, Joshi Aditi, Mathur Aradhana, Parveen Shaista, Sharma Pooja, Crow Yanick J, Faruq Mohammed
Department of Pediatrics, Choithram Hospital & Research Centre, Indore, India.
Genomics and Molecular Medicine, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India.
Am J Med Genet A. 2020 Sep;182(9):2139-2144. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61737. Epub 2020 Jul 6.
The role of the CTC1-STN1-TEN1 (CST) complex in Coats plus syndrome (CP), as well as other telomeropathy-phenotypes and disorders of genome instability is well documented. We report an Indian child with a clinical diagnosis of CP who presented to us with retinal exudates, extensive cerebral calcification, developmental delay and severe anemia consequent upon chronic gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. Whole exome sequencing revealed compound heterozygous variants in STN1 as the probable genetic cause leading to CP in the present case. Of the two variants, the nonsense variant c.397C>T (p.Arg133*) was a truncating variant leading to loss of full protein length whereas the second variant c.985G>C (p.Ala329Pro) was novel and neither reported in ExAC, 1KGP or gnomAD. The deleteriousness of the novel variant was explored through molecular dynamics simulation analysis where p.Ala329Pro mutation affected C-terminal domain interaction between STN1 and TEN1 complex. Hormonal therapy using ethinyl estradiol and norethisterone was apparently associated with a clinically useful, although poorly sustained, decrease in blood transfusion requirement in the proband.
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