Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801.
United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Urbana, IL 61801.
Plant Dis. 2020 Sep;104(9):2406-2410. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-01-20-0102-RE. Epub 2020 Jul 6.
Soybean cyst nematode (SCN, ) is a widely occurring pest and the leading cause of soybean yield losses in the U.S.A. There is a need to find additional SCN management strategies as sources of SCN resistance have become less effective in managing SCN populations. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbiotic relationships with roots of most plants including soybean. Research has shown that AMF can reduce disease severity in plants caused by pathogens and pests, including plant parasitic nematodes. The goal of this study was to evaluate the impact of AMF on SCN cyst production, SCN juveniles in roots, and SCN egg hatching. In one experiment, all five AMF species tested (, , , , and ) reduced ( < 0.05) the number of cysts on soybean roots by 59 to 81%, compared with soybean roots not inoculated with AMF. Inoculation with reduced SCN J2-J3 stage juveniles in soybean roots by 60% at 7 days post inoculation. A separate experiment showed that egg hatch was reduced ( < 0.05) in the presence of spores and their exudates by 27% and 62%, respectively. Further research is needed to evaluate the potential usefulness of AMF in field conditions and to determine the usefulness and potential of the exudates associated with SCN hatching suppression by . Making AMF a more effective biological control agent would provide another management tool to reduce the negative impact of SCN on soybean production.
大豆胞囊线虫（SCN， ）是一种广泛发生的害虫，也是美国大豆产量损失的主要原因。由于抗源对管理 SCN 种群的效果降低，因此需要寻找额外的 SCN 管理策略。丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）与包括大豆在内的大多数植物的根系形成共生关系。研究表明，AMF 可以减轻植物病原体和害虫引起的植物病害严重程度，包括植物寄生线虫。本研究的目的是评估 AMF 对 SCN 胞囊产生、根内 SCN 幼虫和 SCN 卵孵化的影响。在一项实验中，与未接种 AMF 的大豆根相比，测试的所有五种 AMF 物种（，，，，和）将大豆根上的胞囊数量减少了 59%至 81%（<0.05）。接种 可使大豆根内的 SCN J2-J3 期幼虫减少 60%，接种后 7 天。另一项单独的实验表明，在存在 和其分泌物的情况下，卵孵化分别减少了 27%和 62%（<0.05）。需要进一步研究以评估 AMF 在田间条件下的潜在有用性，并确定在存在 的情况下与 SCN 孵化抑制相关的分泌物的有用性和潜力。使 AMF 成为一种更有效的生物防治剂将为减少 SCN 对大豆生产的负面影响提供另一种管理工具。
