State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 200062 Shanghai, China; Plastic Marine Debris Research Center, East China Normal University, 200062 Shanghai, China; Regional Training and Research Center on Plastic Marine Debris and Microplastics, IOC-UNESCO, Shanghai 200241, China.
Merchant Marine College, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Nov 10;742:140525. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140525. Epub 2020 Jun 30.
Plastics are present in all marine waters around the globe, often at high abundances and they are potentially harmful to marine organisms. In this study, we investigated the regional distribution, composition, and abundance of plastic items on the floor of the East China Sea based on 43 bottom trawl samples collected during 2019. Considerable geographical variation was detected. Polyethylene was the most abundant polymer type where it accounted for 42.83% by weight. The surface areas and lengths of the plastic items ranged from 3.43 to 2842 cm and from 1.3 cm to 14.23 cm, respectively. The plastic density was 18.94 kg/km in Sanmen Bay but it was significantly lower at 2.24 kg/km in Wenzhou Bay. Fishing gear represented 23.87% of the plastic items. The plastic items found on the coastal sea bed were probably transported and moved during upwelling and downwelling processes, and finally deposited on the seafloor due to the effect of biofouling. The accumulation of macro- and mesoplastics could have detrimental impacts on seafloor ecosystems.
塑料遍布全球的海洋水域，其数量通常很高，而且对海洋生物可能有害。在这项研究中，我们根据 2019 年收集的 43 个底层拖网样本，调查了东海海底的塑料物品的区域分布、组成和丰度。检测到相当大的地理差异。聚乙烯是最丰富的聚合物类型，占重量的 42.83%。塑料物品的表面积和长度范围分别为 3.43 至 2842 平方厘米和 1.3 至 14.23 厘米。三门湾的塑料密度为 18.94 千克/公里，但在温州湾的密度明显较低，为 2.24 千克/公里。渔具占塑料物品的 23.87%。在上升流和下降流过程中，海底海床上发现的塑料物品可能被运输和移动，最后由于生物污垢的影响而沉积在海底。大尺寸和中尺寸塑料的积累可能对海底生态系统造成不利影响。
