Carvalho Joana, Cardoso Rita, Guimarães Isabel, Ferreira Joaquim J
Clinical Pharmacological Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
Campus Neurológico Sénior, Torres Vedras, Portugal.
Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2021 Oct;46(3):141-147. doi: 10.1080/14015439.2020.1785546. Epub 2020 Jul 7.
Speech intelligibility, how well a listener comprehends the speaker's message, is related to the listener' expertise and type of the message conveyed. There is no evidence about speech intelligibility in different groups of healthcare professionals and naïve listeners.
This study is the first to understand if there were differences in the speech intelligibility of Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients by different experienced and naïve listeners, according to the speech stimuli and dysarthria severity.
Randomly digitised audio-files (50 words and 50 sentences) of 10 PD patients, one without dysarthria and 9 with different dysarthria severities (3 each: mild, moderate and severe dysarthria), were collected from a database of 60 PD patients' audio-files. A jury panel was formed by five different listeners groups including 10 speech and language therapists, 10 neurologists, 10 PD relatives, 12 PD patients, and 10 people from the general population. The jury panel transcribed single words and sentences from the audio recordings, the percentage correctly understood was calculated and the results were compared between the groups.
Multiple comparisons showed significant speech intelligibility differences between healthcare professionals and naïve listerners in words (highest effect size, η = 0.7) and sentences (the highest effect size: η = 0.6). Pairwise comparisons revealed that those significant differences were specifically in words with moderate and severe dysarthria and sentences with all severity levels of dysarthria.
The groups of healthcare professionals who work with dysarthria are more likely to understand the PD patients' speech than the groups of naïve listeners.
言语可懂度，即听众对说话者信息的理解程度，与听众的专业知识以及所传达信息的类型有关。目前尚无关于不同组别的医疗保健专业人员和非专业听众的言语可懂度的证据。
本研究首次探讨不同经验水平的专业听众和非专业听众对帕金森病（PD）患者言语的可懂度是否存在差异，以及这种差异与言语刺激和构音障碍严重程度的关系。
从60名帕金森病患者的音频文件数据库中随机选取10名患者的数字化音频文件（50个单词和50个句子），其中1名无构音障碍，9名有不同程度的构音障碍（轻度、中度和重度各3名）。由五个不同的听众组组成评审团，包括10名言语治疗师、10名神经科医生、10名帕金森病患者家属、12名帕金森病患者和10名普通人群。评审团对音频记录中的单个单词和句子进行转录，计算正确理解的百分比，并比较各组结果。
多重比较显示，医疗保健专业人员和非专业听众在单词（最大效应量，η = 0.7）和句子（最大效应量：η = 0.6）的言语可懂度上存在显著差异。两两比较显示，这些显著差异具体体现在中度和重度构音障碍的单词以及所有构音障碍严重程度的句子中。
与非专业听众组相比，处理构音障碍的医疗保健专业人员组更有可能理解帕金森病患者的言语。
