Mahal Julia, Amann Jeanette Sophie, Wischmann Tewes, Ditzen Beate
Institut für Medizinische Psychologie, Zentrum für psychosoziale Medizin, Universität Heidelberg, UniversitätsKlinikum Heidelberg.
Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol. 2021 Feb;71(2):72-80. doi: 10.1055/a-1153-9262. Epub 2020 Jul 7.
The subject of "Medical Psychology/Sociology" is facing various content changes as a result of the currently pending study reforms within the framework of the "Master Plan Medical Studies 2020". These include the further development of the catalogues of exam-relevant topics (GK) and the National Competence-Based Learning Objectives Catalogue for Undergraduate Medical Education (NKLM) as well as the Medical Licensing Regulations (ÄApprO). In this context, the question arises as to which training contents of "medical psychology/sociology", that medical students are confronted with, are of particular importance for their future medical work.
332 physicians and 265 students evaluated different contents of the catalogue of exam-relevant topics of medical psychology/sociology (GK-MPS) according to their importance regarding their education or respectively their daily work. In addition, the physicians indicated in free text fields of the questionnaire which situations in their daily work they would have liked to have been better prepared for during medical school. In a combined quantitative-qualitative analysis approach, differences between the 2 groups were identified by t-tests for independent samples with unequal variances (Welch test) and free text information was assigned to the various topics of the GK-MPS and evaluated in terms of content by 3 raters within the framework of a qualitatively oriented category-based text analysis.
Both physicians and students considered those topics of the GK-MPS, that involve communication between physician and patient, to be the most important. In addition, physicians rated the topics of physician-patient communication, statistics and prevention as more important than the students did. The physicians would have liked to have been better prepared for special and challenging medical situations in physician-patient interaction.
The topics of physician-patient communication are still considered to be of particular importance for the medical training of physicians and students, but physicians consider them to be more important than students.
The study results support the current study reforms towards a stronger emphasis on physician-patient communication and scientific basics as well as the linking of pre-clinical and clinical study contents.
由于目前在“2020年医学学习总体规划”框架内正在进行的学习改革，“医学心理学/社会学”这门学科正面临着各种内容上的变化。这些变化包括与考试相关主题目录（GK）和本科医学教育国家能力本位学习目标目录（NKLM）以及医学许可条例（ÄApprO）的进一步完善。在这种背景下，出现了一个问题，即医学生所接触到的“医学心理学/社会学”的哪些培训内容对他们未来的医疗工作特别重要。
332名医生和265名学生根据医学心理学/社会学与考试相关主题目录（GK-MPS）中不同内容对他们教育或日常工作的重要性进行了评估。此外，医生们在问卷的自由文本字段中指出，他们希望在医学院期间能对日常工作中的哪些情况有更好的准备。在定量与定性相结合的分析方法中，通过方差不等的独立样本t检验（韦尔奇检验）确定两组之间的差异，并将自由文本信息分配到GK-MPS的各个主题中，由3名评分者在基于定性类别的文本分析框架内对内容进行评估。
医生和学生都认为GK-MPS中涉及医患沟通的那些主题最为重要。此外，医生对医患沟通、统计学和预防等主题的评分比学生更高。医生们希望在医患互动中的特殊和具有挑战性的医疗情况方面能有更好的准备。
医患沟通主题对于医生和学生的医学培训仍然被认为特别重要，但医生认为它们比学生更重要。
研究结果支持当前朝着更加强调医患沟通和科学基础以及临床前与临床学习内容相联系的学习改革。
