Nyagang Sharon Mumah, Cumber Samuel Nambile, Cho Jerome Fru, Keka Elsie Indah, Nkfusai Claude Ngwayu, Wepngong Emerson, Tsoka-Gwegweni Joyce Mahlako, Fokam Eric Bertrand
Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.
Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Services (CBCHS), Yaounde, Cameroon.
Pan Afr Med J. 2020 Apr 8;35:107. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2020.35.107.16036. eCollection 2020.
Onchocerciasis is an infection caused by . It affects 37 million people of which 99% are in Africa. This study assessed the prevalence of onchocerciasis after 15 years of mass drug administration with ivermectin.
This was a population based cross sectional study. Questionnaires covering participants' identity and attitudes and practices of community respondents towards ivermectin were administered. The treatment coverage was obtained by review of records of mass drug administration from 1999 to 2015. The epidemiological evaluation of infection status was done by parasitological examination of skin snips and nodule palpation in individuals in five health areas of the district.
A total of 400 participants were randomly selected. Of these, 56.0% were males, 62.0% single, 59.5% farmers and 98.0% Christians. Participants with good attitudes towards community directed treatment with ivermectin made up 80.5% while 47.8% of the participants had good practice. The highest treatment coverage achieved was 88.0% in 2010 while lowest was 57.0% in 2002. Less than 2% had microfilaria and 6.0% had nodules. There was no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of microfilaria with respect to age. There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of nodules (χ=73.6, p=0.001) among the different age groups. The greatest rate of infection (2.1%) was among farmers.
This study showed that the prevalence reduced compared to other prevalence studies in Cameroon. The study area was hypo-endemic for onchocerciasis.
盘尾丝虫病是由……引起的一种感染。它影响着3700万人，其中99%在非洲。本研究评估了使用伊维菌素进行大规模药物治疗15年后盘尾丝虫病的流行情况。
这是一项基于人群的横断面研究。发放了涵盖参与者身份以及社区受访者对伊维菌素的态度和做法的问卷。通过查阅1999年至2015年大规模药物治疗的记录来获取治疗覆盖率。通过对该地区五个健康区域的个体进行皮肤切片寄生虫学检查和结节触诊来对感染状况进行流行病学评估。
总共随机选取了400名参与者。其中，56.0%为男性，62.0%为单身，59.5%为农民，98.0%为基督教徒。对社区导向的伊维菌素治疗持良好态度的参与者占80.5%，而47.8%的参与者有良好的做法。2010年实现的最高治疗覆盖率为88.0%，2002年最低为57.0%。不到2%的人有微丝蚴，6.0%的人有结节。微丝蚴的流行率在年龄方面没有统计学上的显著差异。不同年龄组之间结节的分布存在统计学上的显著差异（χ=73.6，p=0.001）。感染率最高（2.1%）的是农民。
本研究表明，与喀麦隆的其他流行率研究相比，流行率有所降低。该研究区域为盘尾丝虫病低度流行区。
