Kewming M J, Shrapnel S, White A G, Romero J
Centre for Engineered Quantum Systems, School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
Phys Rev Lett. 2020 Jun 26;124(25):250401. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.250401.
The absence of information-entirely or partly-is called ignorance. Naturally, one might ask if some ignorance of a whole system will imply some ignorance of its parts. Our classical intuition tells us yes, however quantum theory tells us no: it is possible to encode information in a quantum system so that despite some ignorance of the whole, it is impossible to identify the unknown part [T. Vidick and S. Wehner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 030402 (2011).PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.107.030402]. Experimentally verifying this counterintuitive fact requires controlling and measuring quantum systems of high dimension (d>9). We provide this experimental evidence using the transverse spatial modes of light, a powerful resource for testing high-dimensional quantum phenomena.
信息完全或部分缺失被称为无知。自然而然地，有人可能会问，对整个系统的某种无知是否意味着对其部分的某种无知。我们的经典直觉告诉我们答案是肯定的，然而量子理论却告诉我们答案是否定的：有可能在量子系统中编码信息，使得尽管对整体存在一些无知，但却无法识别未知部分 [T. 维迪克和S. 韦纳，《物理评论快报》107, 030402 (2011年)。PRLTAO0031 - 900710.1103/PhysRevLett.107.030402]。通过实验验证这一违反直觉的事实需要控制和测量高维（d>9）的量子系统。我们利用光的横向空间模式提供了这一实验证据，光的横向空间模式是测试高维量子现象的强大资源。
