Wakefield D S, Helms C M, Massanari R M, Mori M, Pfaller M
Department of Hospital and Health Administration, University of Iowa College of Medicine.
Am J Infect Control. 1988 Oct;16(5):185-92. doi: 10.1016/0196-6553(88)90058-2.
This study reports an analysis of the relative importance of laboratory antibiotic, and per diem costs of caring for 58 patients with serious Staphylococcus aureus nosocomial infections. Laboratory costs accounted for 2%, antibiotics for 21%, and per diem costs for 77% of total infection-related costs. Only 45% of patients were hospitalized for additional days specifically because of infection, but these patients stayed an average of 18 extra days. Nosocomial infections with S. aureus resistant to penicillinase-resistant penicillins (PRP) were more frequently associated with additional infection-related days of hospitalization than were PRP-susceptible infections. The cost of PRP-resistant infections was also significantly greater than PRP-susceptible infections, primarily because of the costs of additional days of hospitalization. Rational strategies to control costs of nosocomial infection should focus on two approaches: (1) prevention and (2) reduction of acute hospital days attributable to infections.
本研究报告了对58例严重金黄色葡萄球菌医院感染患者的实验室检查、抗生素使用及每日护理费用的相对重要性分析。实验室检查费用占总感染相关费用的2%，抗生素费用占21%，每日护理费用占77%。仅45%的患者因感染而额外住院，但这些患者平均多住了18天。耐青霉素酶青霉素（PRP）的金黄色葡萄球菌医院感染比PRP敏感感染更常与额外的感染相关住院天数有关。PRP耐药感染的费用也显著高于PRP敏感感染，主要是由于额外住院天数的费用。控制医院感染费用的合理策略应集中在两种方法上：（1）预防和（2）减少因感染导致的急性住院天数。
