Nakajima Takashi
Director of Niigata National Hospital.
Brain Nerve. 2020 Jul;72(7):753-766. doi: 10.11477/mf.1416201593.
There are many ethical issues in the health care of hereditary neuromuscular diseases such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The problems lie in the protection of personal genetic information in genetic diagnosis and genetic discrimination. The idea that allocating expensive medical care to such patients with severe disabilities is futile should be avoided. QOL as patient's individual subjective perception has not been completely understood in the academic field of clinical ethics. From the view of a third party it might be thought that the neuromuscular disease patients' QOL is extremely low. In such cases, ventilator therapy, PEG placement, and latest antisense nucleotide therapy might be considered wasteful. However, these therapies must be necessary and appropriate from the patients' own view. These dilemma on clinical ethics can be solved by focusing on enhancing the patients' subjective QOL. This can be achieved by means of modern genetics, symptom control techniques and the use of a safety net medical care system with a multidisciplinary team.
在杜氏肌营养不良等遗传性神经肌肉疾病的医疗保健中存在许多伦理问题。问题在于基因诊断中个人基因信息的保护以及基因歧视。应避免认为将昂贵的医疗护理分配给此类严重残疾患者是徒劳的这种观念。在临床伦理学术领域,作为患者个体主观感受的生活质量尚未得到充分理解。从第三方的角度来看,可能会认为神经肌肉疾病患者的生活质量极低。在这种情况下,通气治疗、经皮内镜下胃造口术(PEG)放置以及最新的反义核苷酸疗法可能会被视为浪费。然而,从患者自身的角度来看,这些治疗必须是必要且恰当的。通过关注提高患者主观生活质量,可以解决这些临床伦理困境。这可以通过现代遗传学、症状控制技术以及利用多学科团队组成的安全网医疗保健系统来实现。