Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Eskisehir Technical University, Eskisehir, Turkey.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Nov;27(31):39041-39053. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-09905-8. Epub 2020 Jul 8.
The presence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the car is due to their use as a flame retardant additive in various car components such as dashboard, plastic parts, seat and headliner cushion foams, insulated cables, and electronic circuits. Ingestion of dust inadvertently or dermal contact to dust are significant pathways of human exposure to pollutants including PBDEs. There are no studies documenting presence of car dust associated flame retardants in Turkey. In the current study, a total of 13 PBDEs congeners were investigated in 62 car dust samples collected from Bursa province of Turkey using glass-fiber filters and a vacuum cleaner. Results of the study showed that congener concentrations were within the range of <MDL-40198 ng/g and PBDE-209, major component of commercial deca-BDE, showed the highest concentration among the targeted congeners. Assessment of exposure to analyzed PBDEs via inadvertent dust ingestion and skin contact showed toddlers are exposed to these chemicals approx. 10 times higher compared to adults. Hazard quotient (HQ) values calculated based on total exposure (ingestion + dermal contact) and were < 1 for both adults and toddler indicated that exposure to car dust-associated PBDEs through ingestion and skin contact does not pose any health risks for human in Bursa.
车内多溴二苯醚 (PBDEs) 的存在是由于它们作为阻燃剂添加剂被广泛应用于各种汽车部件,如仪表板、塑料部件、座椅和顶棚衬垫泡沫、绝缘电缆和电子电路。人类接触污染物(包括 PBDEs)的主要途径是无意中摄入灰尘或与灰尘发生皮肤接触。目前尚无研究记录土耳其车内灰尘与阻燃剂相关联。在本研究中,使用玻璃纤维过滤器和真空吸尘器从土耳其布尔萨省收集了 62 个汽车灰尘样本,共检测了 13 种 PBDE 同系物。研究结果表明,同系物浓度在<MDL-40198 ng/g 范围内,商用十溴二苯醚的主要成分 PBDE-209 是目标同系物中浓度最高的。通过无意中摄入灰尘和皮肤接触来评估对分析的 PBDEs 的暴露情况表明,幼儿接触这些化学物质的程度大约比成年人高 10 倍。基于总暴露(摄入+皮肤接触)计算的危害商 (HQ) 值对于成年人和幼儿均<1,这表明通过摄入和皮肤接触接触汽车灰尘相关的 PBDEs 不会对布尔萨的人类健康构成任何风险。
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