Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
J Neurosci Res. 2020 Oct;98(10):1889-1904. doi: 10.1002/jnr.24685. Epub 2020 Jul 9.
Iron is essential for normal cellular function, however, excessive accumulation of iron in neural tissue has been implicated in both cortical and retinal diseases. The exact role of iron in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders remains incompletely understood. However, iron-induced damage to the brain and retina is often attributed to the redox ability of iron to generate dangerous free radicals, which exacerbates local oxidative stress and neuronal damage. Iron chelators are compounds designed to scavenge labile iron, aiding to regulate iron bioavailability. Recently there has been growing interest in the application of chelating agents for treatment of diseases including neurodegenerative conditions, characterized by increased oxidative stress. This article reviews both clinical and preclinical evidence relating to the effectiveness of iron chelation therapy in conditions of iron dyshomeostasis linked to neurodegeneration in the brain and retina. The limitations as well as future opportunities iron chelation therapy are discussed.
铁对于正常的细胞功能是必需的，然而，铁在神经组织中的过度积累与皮质和视网膜疾病都有关。铁在神经退行性疾病发病机制中的确切作用仍不完全清楚。然而，铁诱导的大脑和视网膜损伤通常归因于铁的氧化还原能力产生危险的自由基，从而加剧局部氧化应激和神经元损伤。铁螯合剂是设计用于清除不稳定铁的化合物，有助于调节铁的生物利用度。最近，人们对螯合剂在包括神经退行性疾病在内的疾病中的应用越来越感兴趣，这些疾病的特点是氧化应激增加。本文综述了与脑和视网膜神经退行性疾病相关的铁代谢失衡中铁螯合疗法的临床和临床前证据。讨论了铁螯合疗法的局限性和未来机遇。
