Bhanu Sharmila P, Pentyala Suneetha, Sankar Devi K
Department of of Anatomy, Narayana Medical College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Department of of Radiology, Narayana Medical College & General Hospital, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Anat Cell Biol. 2020 Sep 30;53(3):272-278. doi: 10.5115/acb.20.066.
The posterior communicating arteries (PCoA) are important component of collateral circulation between the anterior and posterior part of circle of Willis (CW). The hypoplasia or aplasia of PCoA will reflect on prognosis of the neurological diseases. Precise studies of the incidence of hypoplastic PCoA in Andhra Pradesh population of India are hitherto unreported, since the present study was undertaken. Two hundred and thirty one magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) images were analyzed to identify the hypoplasia of PCoA and presence of fetal type of posterior cerebral artery (f-PCA) in patients with different neurological symptoms. All the patients underwent 3.0T MRI exposure. The results were statistically analysed. A total of 63 (27.3%) PCoA hypoplasia and 13 cases with f-PCA (5.6%) cases were identified. The hypoplastic PCoA was noted more in males than females (<0.05) and right side hypoplasia was common than the left (<0.04); bilateral hypoplasia of PCoA was seen in 37 cases out of 63 and is significant. The hypoplastic cases of the present study also were associated with variations of anterior cerebral arteries and one case was having vertebral artery hypoplasia. Incidence of PCoA as unilateral or bilateral with other associated anomalies of CW is more prone to develop stroke, migraine and cognitive dysfunction. Knowledge of these variations in the PCoA plays a pivotal role in diagnoses of neurological disorders and in neurovascular surgeries and angiographic point of view.
后交通动脉（PCoA）是 Willis 环（CW）前后部之间侧支循环的重要组成部分。PCoA 的发育不全或缺失会影响神经系统疾病的预后。由于本研究的开展，印度安得拉邦人群中发育不全的 PCoA 发生率的精确研究迄今尚未见报道。分析了 231 例磁共振血管造影（MRA）图像，以确定不同神经系统症状患者中 PCoA 的发育不全情况以及胎儿型大脑后动脉（f-PCA）的存在情况。所有患者均接受了 3.0T MRI 检查。对结果进行了统计学分析。共发现 63 例（27.3%）PCoA 发育不全和 13 例（5.6%）f-PCA 病例。发育不全的 PCoA 在男性中比女性中更常见（<0.05），右侧发育不全比左侧更常见（<0.04）；63 例中有 37 例可见双侧 PCoA 发育不全，具有统计学意义。本研究中的发育不全病例还与大脑前动脉的变异有关，1 例患者存在椎动脉发育不全。PCoA 单侧或双侧发育不全以及 CW 的其他相关异常更容易发生中风、偏头痛和认知功能障碍。了解 PCoA 的这些变异在神经系统疾病的诊断、神经血管手术以及血管造影方面都起着关键作用。
