Alamri Hadi M, Mirza Mubashir B, Riyahi Abdullah M, Alharbi Fahad, Aljarbou Fahd
Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Division of Endodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia.
Saudi Dent J. 2020 Jul;32(5):250-254. doi: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2019.09.003. Epub 2019 Oct 1.
Root morphology and canal anatomy of maxillary molars shows several complexities and variations. Knowledge of these is essential for successful endodontic treatment. This study aimed to investigate the morphology of the maxillary second molars in a Saudi Arabian sub-population in relation to gender, age, and nationality, as well as to analyze the anatomical symmetry between the left and right side in each individual.
420 digitized cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were collected, of which 351 scans met the inclusion criteria. Number of roots and canals at three different levels of the root in each case was counted at all available sides and compared on the basis of the study variables. Statistical significance was set at ≤ 0.05.
Most of the patients (n = 323, 92%) had three roots, while two roots (n = 23, 6.6%), four roots (n = 4, 1.1%), and one root (n = 1, 0.3%) were less frequently observed. A significant correlation between female patients and the presence of two canals, while male patients showed a higher correlation with the presence of four canals at all levels. There also was a correlation between Saudi participants and the presence of four canals at all levels. No significant correlation in symmetry between the left and right side root canal anatomy was found. There was an inverse relation between the number of canals and age.
Considering the limitations in this study, it appears that the Saudi population is more likely to have three- and two-rooted maxillary second molars, with males and females showing greater tendencies to having three and two roots, respectively.
上颌磨牙的牙根形态和根管解剖结构存在多种复杂性和变异。了解这些对于成功进行牙髓治疗至关重要。本研究旨在调查沙特阿拉伯亚人群中上颌第二磨牙的形态与性别、年龄和国籍的关系，并分析每个个体左右两侧的解剖对称性。
收集了420份数字化锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT），其中351份扫描符合纳入标准。对每种情况下牙根三个不同水平的根管数量在所有可用侧进行计数，并根据研究变量进行比较。统计学显著性设定为≤0.05。
大多数患者（n = 323，92%）有三根，而两根（n = 23，6.6%）、四根（n = 4，1.1%）和一根（n = 1，0.3%）的情况较少见。女性患者与两根根管的存在之间存在显著相关性，而男性患者在所有水平上与四根根管的存在相关性更高。沙特参与者与所有水平上四根根管的存在之间也存在相关性。未发现左右侧根管解剖结构的对称性有显著相关性。根管数量与年龄呈反比关系。
考虑到本研究的局限性，沙特人群似乎更有可能拥有三根和两根根的上颌第二磨牙，男性和女性分别更倾向于有三根和两根根。
