日本极低出生体重儿 3 岁时的屈光状态和视力。
Refractive state and visual acuity of children with extremely low birth weight at 3 years old in Japan.
机构信息
Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Metropolitan Ohtsuka Hospital, Minami-Ohtsuka 2-8-1, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Ophthalmology, National Hospital Organization, Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
出版信息
Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2020 Sep;64(5):539-548. doi: 10.1007/s10384-020-00754-z. Epub 2020 Jul 10.
PURPOSE
To investigate the refractive status and visual acuity of 3-year-old children with extremely low birth weight (ELBW).
STUDY DESIGN
Retrospective cohort study.
METHODS
We examined 161 children born between January 2009 and December 2014. The children were divided into five groups for evaluation of visual acuity and refraction: no retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), reverse ROP, photocoagulation (PC) zone II (ZII), PC (ZI), and PC (ZI + lens-sparing vitrectomy [vit]).
RESULTS
Median (1st quartile, 3rd quartile) gestational age was 25 (24, 26) weeks. Median birth weight was 738 (588, 846) g. Spherical equivalence (SE) was +0.38 (-0.06, +0.75) diopters (D) in no ROP, +0.63 (-0.25, +1.34) D in reverse ROP, +0.38 (-0.75, +1.31) D in PC (ZII), -3.31 (-8.06, +0.16) D in PC (ZI), and -12.00 (-13.50, -4.50) D in PC (ZI+ vit) children. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in log MAR was 0.15 (0.07, 0.26) in no ROP, 0.17 (0.10, 0.30) in reverse ROP, 0.22 (0.10, 0.38) in PC (ZII), 0.45 (0.22, 0.55) in PC (ZI), and 1.10 (0.82, 1.30) in PC (ZI+ vit) children. There was a significant correlation between SE and BCVA (r = -0.43, p < 0.0001).
CONCLUSION
The no ROP, reverse ROP, and PC (ZII) groups showed no significant differences in SE or BCVA, accounting for 79.5% of ELBW children. SE and BCVA in the PC (ZI) and PC (ZI+ vit) groups were worse than in the other groups. The current results reveal a correlation between SE and BCVA.
目的
研究极低出生体重儿（ELBW）3 岁时的屈光状态和视力。
研究设计
回顾性队列研究。
方法
我们检查了 2009 年 1 月至 2014 年 12 月期间出生的 161 名儿童。这些儿童分为五个组，用于评估视力和屈光不正：无早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）、反转 ROP、光凝（PC）区 II（ZII）、PC（ZI）和 PC（ZI+晶状体保留玻璃体切割术[vit]）。
结果
中位（1 四分位数，3 四分位数）胎龄为 25（24，26）周。中位出生体重为 738（588，846）g。无 ROP 组的球镜等效（SE）为+0.38（-0.06，+0.75）屈光度（D），反转 ROP 组为+0.63（-0.25，+1.34）D，PC（ZII）组为+0.38（-0.75，+1.31）D，PC（ZI）组为-3.31（-8.06，+0.16）D，PC（ZI+vit）组为-12.00（-13.50，-4.50）D。无 ROP 组最佳矫正视力（BCVA）为对数 MAR 0.15（0.07，0.26），反转 ROP 组为 0.17（0.10，0.30），PC（ZII）组为 0.22（0.10，0.38），PC（ZI）组为 0.45（0.22，0.55），PC（ZI+vit）组为 1.10（0.82，1.30）。SE 与 BCVA 之间存在显著相关性（r=-0.43，p<0.0001）。
结论
无 ROP、反转 ROP 和 PC（ZII）组在 SE 或 BCVA 上无显著差异，占 ELBW 儿童的 79.5%。PC（ZI）和 PC（ZI+vit）组的 SE 和 BCVA 均差于其他组。目前的结果显示 SE 与 BCVA 之间存在相关性。
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