State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Haidian District, Beijing, 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
Environ Pollut. 2020 Nov;266(Pt 2):115158. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115158. Epub 2020 Jul 3.
The impacts of ozone (O) on crops have been extensively studied and are well understood. However, little information is available on the response of crops (especially maize) to the interactive effects of O and nitrogen (N) fertilizer. To this end, a maize cultivar (Zheng dan 958, ZD958) that is common in China was exposed to two O treatments and four N levels. We found that (1) the interactions between O and N were non-significant for grain yield, plant biomass, C and N, although N addition significantly increased all parameters except C concentrations in grain and plant; (2) compared to NF (non-filtered ambient air O concentration), NF60 (NF plus an extra 60 ppb O) increased the optimum N application rates (N) in grain yield and plant biomass, but not grain yield and plant biomass potentials, thus resulting in lower N use efficiencies (NUE) and a larger risk of N-related environmental pollution (e.g., increased NO emission) under N in NF60; (3) because of higher optimum plant N uptake (PN) in NF60, relative to NF, plant N-saturated conditions for grain yield potential can be gradually turned into N-limited conditions as O pollution increases. These findings manifest that O is a vital global change factor impacting the management of N fertilization. If current O pollution is substantially reduced, maize yield and biomass potentials can be increased under reductions in N input and N-related environmental pollution. In addition, these results can also contribute in developing and verifying N model considering O pollution in the future.
臭氧 (O) 对作物的影响已得到广泛研究，并得到了很好的理解。然而，关于作物（尤其是玉米）对 O 和氮肥交互作用的响应的信息却很少。为此，我们选择了中国常见的玉米品种（郑单 958，ZD958），并将其暴露于两种 O 处理和四种 N 水平下。我们发现：(1) O 与 N 之间的相互作用对籽粒产量、植物生物量、C 和 N 没有显著影响，尽管 N 添加显著增加了除籽粒和植物中 C 浓度外的所有参数；(2) 与 NF（未过滤的环境空气 O 浓度）相比，NF60（NF 外加额外的 60 ppb O）增加了籽粒产量和植物生物量的最佳 N 施用量（N），但没有增加籽粒产量和生物量的潜在值，因此导致较低的 N 利用效率（NUE）和更大的与 N 相关的环境污染风险（例如，NO 排放增加）；(3) 由于 NF60 中植物最优 N 吸收（PN）较高，与 NF 相比，随着 O 污染的增加，用于籽粒产量潜在的植物 N 饱和条件可以逐渐转变为 N 限制条件。这些发现表明，O 是一个重要的全球性变化因素，影响 N 施肥管理。如果当前的 O 污染得到显著减少，在减少 N 投入和与 N 相关的环境污染的情况下，可以提高玉米的产量和生物量潜力。此外，这些结果也有助于未来在开发和验证考虑 O 污染的 N 模型方面做出贡献。
