Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2020 Jul 13;31(6):jbcpp-2019-0363. doi: 10.1515/jbcpp-2019-0363.
High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), also called amphoterin, HMG1 and p30, is a highly conserved protein between different species that has various functions in nucleus such as stabilization of nucleosome formation, facilitation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) bending and increasing the DNA transcription, replication and repair. It has also been indicated that HMGB1 acts as a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine with increasing concentrations in acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Asthma is a common chronic respiratory disease associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. One central characteristic in its pathogenesis is airway inflammation. Considering the inflammatory role of HMGB1 and importance of inflammation in asthma pathogenesis, a better understanding of this protein is vital. This review describes the structure, cell surface receptors, signaling pathways and intracellular and extracellular functions of HMGB1, but also focuses on its inflammatory role in asthma. Moreover, this manuscript reviews experimental and clinical studies that investigated the pathologic role of HMGB1.
高迁移率族蛋白 B1（HMGB1），又称多效调节蛋白，HMG1 和 p30，是一种在不同物种之间高度保守的蛋白，在核内具有多种功能，如稳定核小体形成、促进脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）弯曲以及增加 DNA 转录、复制和修复。也有研究表明，HMGB1 作为一种有效的促炎细胞因子，在急性和慢性炎症性疾病中浓度增加。哮喘是一种常见的慢性呼吸道疾病，其发病率和死亡率都很高。其发病机制的一个中心特征是气道炎症。鉴于 HMGB1 的炎症作用以及炎症在哮喘发病机制中的重要性，对这种蛋白的更好理解至关重要。这篇综述描述了 HMGB1 的结构、细胞表面受体、信号通路以及细胞内和细胞外功能，同时也重点介绍了其在哮喘中的炎症作用。此外，本文还综述了研究 HMGB1 病理作用的实验和临床研究。
