Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland.
Equine Vet J. 2021 Mar;53(2):221-230. doi: 10.1111/evj.13322. Epub 2020 Aug 3.
Sarcoids are the most commonly diagnosed skin tumours in equines. Bovine papillomaviruses (BPVs) are the primary causative agent of sarcoids. There has been intensive research to discover the molecular mechanisms that may contribute to the aetiopathogenesis of this disease and tumour suppressors and proto-oncogenes known to play a role in human neoplastic conditions have been investigated in equine sarcoids. Current approaches include the identification of gene expression profiles, characterising sarcoid and normal skin tissues, and an assessment of epigenetic alterations such as microRNA differential expression and DNA methylation status. This review focuses on selected groups of genes that contribute to the molecular mechanisms of sarcoid formation. These genes have the potential to complement current clinical examinations of equine sarcoid disease in diagnosis, prognosis, therapeutic response and screening.
结节病是马属动物最常见的皮肤肿瘤。牛乳头瘤病毒（BPV）是结节病的主要致病因子。人们已经进行了大量的研究，以发现可能导致这种疾病发生和肿瘤抑制基因的分子机制，已知在人类肿瘤疾病中发挥作用的原癌基因在马属动物的结节病中也有研究。目前的方法包括鉴定基因表达谱、特征化结节病和正常皮肤组织，以及评估表观遗传改变，如 microRNA 差异表达和 DNA 甲基化状态。本综述重点介绍了有助于结节病形成分子机制的选定基因组。这些基因有可能在诊断、预后、治疗反应和筛查方面补充马属动物结节病的当前临床检查。
