Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms, Laboratory of Learning and Memory, Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020;1207:195-209. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-4272-5_13.
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is characterized by abnormal thoughts, behaviors and speech, along with a decreased perception of reality that can included visual or auditory hallucinations, withdrawal of social activity and lack of motivation, etc. Many hypotheses related to the causes of SCZ have been proposed, but the underlying neuropathological mechanism remains unclear. Recent studies have suggested that there is an association between autophagy and SCZ. The strongest evidence for this comes from the expression of ATGs in the BA22 of postmortem samples from SCZ patients, coinciding with some of the brain imaging studies and certain hypotheses about SCZ in interpreting the positive symptoms. Autophagy dysfunction in the hippocampus, especially in the CA2 region, may relate to deficits of social communication and interaction in SCZ patients. mTOR regulation of autophagy is also potentially a piece of strong supporting evidence for the autophagic neuropathogenesis of SCZ. In vitro studies show that antipsychotics often induce autophagy through distinct mechanisms of drug action, but they may all share common features as autophagy inducers and antagonists of dopamine receptors.
精神分裂症（SCZ）的特征是思维、行为和言语异常，以及对现实的感知能力下降，包括视觉或听觉幻觉、社会活动退缩和缺乏动力等。已经提出了许多与 SCZ 病因相关的假说，但潜在的神经病理学机制仍不清楚。最近的研究表明，自噬与 SCZ 之间存在关联。来自 SCZ 患者死后 BA22 样本中 ATG 表达的最强证据，与一些脑成像研究和关于 SCZ 的某些假说一致，这些假说用于解释阳性症状。海马体（特别是 CA2 区）中的自噬功能障碍可能与 SCZ 患者的社会交流和互动缺陷有关。mTOR 对自噬的调节也可能为 SCZ 的自噬神经发病机制提供强有力的支持证据。体外研究表明，抗精神病药通常通过不同的药物作用机制诱导自噬，但它们可能都具有作为自噬诱导剂和多巴胺受体拮抗剂的共同特征。
