OBTAINING OF BACTERIOCINES FROM BACTERIA BACILLUS SUBTILIS ATCC 6633 STRAIN BY ORIGINAL METHODS.

In recent years, bacteriocins were in the centre of scientific discussions. Nowadays it is considered that these biologically active substances could be an adequate replacement for classic synthetic antibiotics. They play an important role in the syntheses of various antimicrobial matters, such as disinfectants, pesticides, bacteriophages and so on. Being a product of the vital activity of bacteria, in nature these substances protect bacteria from bacteria-competitors. According to numerous scientific studies, they demonstrate bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, they are safer for a macroorganism and the environment, and almost do not have side effects. Bacteriocins also do not cause sensibilisation and suppression of immunity. Due to their antibacterial effect, bacteriocins are already used in therapy (colibacterin, bifidumbacterin), veterinary medicine (nisin), food industry (bacteriocins of the Lactobacillus), and agriculture (phytolavin). Since just some bacteria secrets bacteriocins, the list of producer bacteria is relatively short. It was established that bacteria of the Genus Bacillus, in particular, Bacillus subtilis, possess such safety indicators and cultural properties that allow the usage of it for the synthesis of bacteriocins. In this regard, this study was devoted to the investigation of antimicrobial properties of the Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, as a potential source of new drugs. Especially for determination of the antibacterial effects, the author has developed two original methods. The indicated strain ATCC6633 was co-cultured with five Gram-negative and five Gram-positive bacteria and the certain antagonism was detected. In the experiments, Bacillus subtilis has inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactia and Enterococcus fecalis. At the further study, few attempts to obtain antimicrobial agent from ATCC 6633 were successfully performed. Review of the methods of bacteriocine synthesis used in different laboratories shown that most of that methods are not suitable for industrial production. The main purpose of sub sequenced experiments was development of simple and easy way for production of bacteriocines which will not require significant financial investments, sophisticated equipment and the creation of special conditions. Using simple laboratory procedures such as bacteriological culturing, centrifuge, shaking on a rollу and precipitation we obtained antibacterial agent based on bacteria Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 strain.