O'Hara M W, Hinrichs J V, Kohout F J, Wallace R B, Lemke J H
Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City 52242.
Psychol Aging. 1986 Sep;1(3):208-14. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.1.3.208.
Depressed and nondepressed elderly subjects recruited in the context of a large epidemiological study of health were compared on measures of self-reported memory disturbance and an objective index of memory performance (free recall). Three groups were studied including (a) subjects meeting Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for major depression, (b) subjects with high levels of self-reported depressive symptoms who did not meet RDC for major depression, and (c) subjects with low levels of self-reported depressive symptoms. Subjects with high depression symptom levels reported significantly higher levels of memory complaint than did subjects with low symptom levels. However, there were no differences in self-reported memory disturbance as a function of depression diagnosis. Further, there were no significant differences between groups on the free-recall measure, either as a function of symptom level or diagnosis. It is argued that symptom severity rather than diagnosis of depression is important in determining impairment in depressed elderly people.
在一项大型健康流行病学研究中招募的抑郁和非抑郁老年受试者，就自我报告的记忆障碍指标和记忆表现的客观指标（自由回忆）进行了比较。研究了三组受试者，包括：（a）符合重性抑郁研究诊断标准（RDC）的受试者；（b）自我报告的抑郁症状水平高但不符合重性抑郁RDC的受试者；（c）自我报告的抑郁症状水平低的受试者。抑郁症状水平高的受试者报告的记忆问题水平显著高于症状水平低的受试者。然而，根据抑郁诊断，自我报告的记忆障碍并无差异。此外，在自由回忆测量方面，无论是根据症状水平还是诊断，各组之间均无显著差异。有人认为，在确定抑郁老年人的损伤时，症状严重程度而非抑郁诊断更为重要。
