Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
J Pediatr Nurs. 2021 Jan-Feb;56:e7-e18. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2020.06.017. Epub 2020 Jul 13.
A pathogenic medical orientation focusing on disease management relies heavily on the skills of healthcare professionals. In contrast, a salutogenic approach focuses on health promotion by encouraging resource strengthening among patients to maintain and support recovery, which could help alleviate healthcare burden and enhance healthcare quality. Considering the increased life expectancies of chronically ill children, this review aimed to consolidate evidence on the use of salutogenesis among children and adolescents with chronic illnesses.
A scoping review guided by Arksey and O'Malley's five-stage framework was conducted. Studies with samples of children or adolescents aged 19 years and below with chronic disease were included in the review.
A library search was performed across six electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycInfo, and Web of Science) from each database's inception to March 2020. Twelve studies were included.
Current evidence only highlighted the trend and advantages of high sense of coherence and identify factors that enhance sense of coherence. Boys, younger age, higher cognitive functioning, non-migrants, non-smokers, and available peer and family support contribute to higher levels of sense of coherence, which lead to better perceived health, quality of life, and more positive coping strategies.
Healthcare professionals should adopt a salutogenic approach to encourage patient involvement, independence, and responsibility in maintaining their own health.
Further research is needed to provide a holistic view of the sense of coherence and application of salutogenesis (especially other salutogenic concepts) among this sample group, which can also inform future salutogenic intervention studies.
以疾病管理为重点的致病医学方向严重依赖医疗保健专业人员的技能。相比之下，健康促进方法侧重于通过鼓励患者加强资源来促进健康，以维持和支持康复，这有助于减轻医疗保健负担并提高医疗保健质量。考虑到慢性病患儿的预期寿命增加，本综述旨在综合慢性病患儿和青少年使用健康促进的证据。
采用 Arksey 和 O'Malley 的五阶段框架进行范围综述。本综述纳入了年龄在 19 岁及以下患有慢性病的儿童或青少年样本的研究。
对六个电子数据库（PubMed、Embase、CINAHL、PsycInfo 和 Web of Science）进行了文献检索，检索时间从每个数据库的开始到 2020 年 3 月。纳入了 12 项研究。
现有证据仅强调了高凝聚力感的趋势和优势，并确定了增强凝聚力感的因素。男孩、年龄较小、较高的认知功能、非移民、不吸烟以及可获得同伴和家庭支持有助于提高凝聚力感，从而提高健康感知、生活质量和更积极的应对策略。
医疗保健专业人员应采用健康促进方法，鼓励患者参与、独立和负责地维护自己的健康。
需要进一步的研究，以提供对该样本组的凝聚力感和健康促进（特别是其他健康促进概念）的整体看法，这也可以为未来的健康促进干预研究提供信息。
