Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland; Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland; Proxy Biomedical Ltd., Coilleach, Spiddal, Galway, Ireland.
Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland; Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2020 Dec 1;164:434-446. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.087. Epub 2020 Jul 15.
Development of mesenchymal stem cell-based tissue engineered implantable devices requires prolonged in vitro culture for the development of a three-dimensional implantable device, which leads to phenotypic drift, thus hindering the clinical translation and commercialisation of such approaches. Macromolecular crowding, a biophysical phenomenon based on the principles of excluded-volume effect, dramatically accelerates and increases extracellular matrix deposition during in vitro culture. However, the optimal macromolecular crowder is still elusive. Herein, we evaluated the biophysical properties of various concentrations of different seaweed in origin sulphated polysaccharides and their effect on human adipose derived stem cell cultures. Carrageenan, possibly due to its high sulphation degree, exhibited the highest negative charge values. No correlation was observed between the different concentrations of the crowders and charge, polydispersity index, hydrodynamic radius and fraction volume occupancy across all crowders. None of the crowders, but arabinogalactan, negatively affected cell viability. Carrageenan, fucoidan, galactofucan and ulvan increased extracellular matrix (especially collagen type I and collagen type V) deposition. Carrageenan induced the highest osteogenic effect and galactofucan and fucoidan demonstrated the highest chondrogenic effect. All crowders were relatively ineffective with respect to adipogenesis. Our data highlight the potential of sulphated seaweed polysaccharides for tissue engineering purposes.
基于间充质干细胞的组织工程植入物的开发需要在体外进行长时间培养，以形成三维植入物，这会导致表型漂移，从而阻碍此类方法的临床转化和商业化。大分子拥挤是一种基于排除体积效应原理的生物物理现象，可大大加速和增加体外培养过程中细胞外基质的沉积。然而，最佳的大分子拥挤物仍然难以捉摸。在此，我们评估了不同来源的硫酸化多糖的各种浓度的生物物理特性及其对人脂肪来源干细胞培养的影响。卡拉胶可能由于其高硫酸化程度而表现出最高的负电荷值。在所有拥挤剂中，不同浓度的拥挤剂与电荷、多分散指数、流体力学半径和分体积占有率之间均无相关性。除了阿拉伯半乳聚糖之外，没有一种拥挤剂会影响细胞活力。卡拉胶、褐藻糖胶、半乳甘露聚糖和岩藻聚糖增加细胞外基质（尤其是 I 型和 V 型胶原蛋白）的沉积。卡拉胶诱导出最高的成骨效果，而半乳甘露聚糖和褐藻糖胶则表现出最高的软骨生成效果。所有拥挤剂在脂肪生成方面的效果都相对较差。我们的数据强调了硫酸化海藻多糖在组织工程中的潜在用途。
