Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing.
Waste Manag. 2020 Aug 1;114:166-173. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.06.047. Epub 2020 Jul 14.
An environmentally benign leaching process for recovering valuable metals from the cathodes of spent lithium-ion batteries was developed. Glucose oxidase produced by Aspergillus niger can oxidize glucose to give the leaching agent gluconic acid. The presence of gluconic acid was proven by mass spectrometry. The cathode material morphology was characterized by X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy, and the efficiencies with which valuable metals were leached from the Li(NiCoMn)O material were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. More than 95% of the Co, Li, Mn, and Ni were leached from spent lithium-ion batteries using a solid/liquid ratio of 30 g/L, 1 M gluconic acid leaching solution, a 1 vol% HO reductant solution, a temperature of 70 °C, and a reaction time of 80 min. The leaching kinetics were perfectly described by the Avrami equation. The apparent activation energies for leaching of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn were determined as 41.76, 42.84, 43.59, and 45.35 kJ/mol, respectively, indicating that the surface chemical reaction is the rate-controlling step during this leaching process. This mild biocatalysis-aided acid leaching process is a promising method for effectively recovering valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries.
开发了一种从废旧锂离子电池阴极中回收有价值金属的环保浸出工艺。黑曲霉产生的葡萄糖氧化酶可以将葡萄糖氧化生成浸出剂葡萄糖酸。通过质谱证明了葡萄糖酸的存在。采用 X 射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜对阴极材料的形态进行了表征，并通过电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定了从 Li(NiCoMn)O 材料中浸出有价值金属的效率。使用固液比为 30 g/L、1 M 葡萄糖酸浸出液、1 体积% HO 还原剂溶液、70°C 温度和 80 min 的反应时间，从废旧锂离子电池中浸出超过 95%的 Co、Li、Mn 和 Ni。浸出动力学可以通过 Avrami 方程完美描述。Li、Ni、Co 和 Mn 的浸出表观活化能分别确定为 41.76、42.84、43.59 和 45.35 kJ/mol，表明在该浸出过程中，表面化学反应是控制步骤。这种温和的生物催化辅助酸浸出工艺是从废旧锂离子电池中有效回收有价值金属的一种有前途的方法。
