Section of Experimental Virology, Institute for Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
CF DNA Sequencing, Leibniz Institute on Aging, Fritz Lipmann Institute, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
Viruses. 2020 Jul 15;12(7):762. doi: 10.3390/v12070762.
The genome analysis of 328 H1N1 swine influenza virus isolates collected in a 13-year long-term swine influenza surveillance in Germany is reported. Viral genomes were sequenced with the Illumina next-generation sequencing technique and conventional Sanger methods. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted with Bayesian tree inference. The results indicate continued prevalence of Eurasian avian swine H1N1 but also emergence of a novel H1N1 reassortant, named Schneiderkrug/2013-like swine H1N1, with human-like hemagglutinin and avian-like neuraminidase and internal genes. Additionally, the evolution of an antigenic drift variant of A (H1N1) pdm09 was observed, named Wachtum/2014-like swine H1N1. Both variants were first isolated in northwest Germany, spread to neighboring German states and reached greater proportions of the H1N1 isolates of 2014 and 2015. The upsurge of Wachtum/2014-like swine H1N1 is of interest as this is the first documented persistent swine-to-swine spread of A (H1N1) pdm09 in Germany associated with antigenic variation. Present enzootic swine influenza viruses in Germany now include two or more co-circulating, antigenically variant viruses of each of the subtypes, H1N1 and H1N2.
本文报道了对在德国进行的为期 13 年的长期猪流感监测中收集的 328 株 H1N1 猪流感病毒分离株的基因组分析。使用 Illumina 下一代测序技术和传统的 Sanger 方法对病毒基因组进行测序。采用贝叶斯树推断进行系统发育分析。结果表明，欧亚大陆禽源 H1N1 仍在持续流行，但也出现了一种新型的 H1N1 重组病毒，名为 Schneiderkrug/2013 样猪 H1N1，具有类似于人类的血凝素和类似于禽类的神经氨酸酶以及内部基因。此外，还观察到 A（H1N1）pdm09 的抗原漂移变异株的进化，命名为 Wachtum/2014 样猪 H1N1。这两种变体均首次在德国西北部分离得到，随后传播到邻近的德国州，并在 2014 年和 2015 年达到更大比例的 H1N1 分离株。Wachtum/2014 样猪 H1N1 的爆发引起了人们的关注，因为这是德国首次记录到与抗原变异相关的 A（H1N1）pdm09 的持续性猪与猪之间的传播。目前在德国流行的猪流感病毒包括两种或更多种亚型 H1N1 和 H1N2 的共循环和抗原变异病毒。
