Sprang Ginny, Craig Carlton
Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, UK Center on Trauma and Children, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
College of Social Work, UK Center on Trauma and Children, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
Child Adolesc Ment Health. 2015 Nov;20(4):202-209. doi: 10.1111/camh.12082. Epub 2014 Dec 2.
Many decades of research demonstrates that the presence of and perceived quality of the parent-child bond can impact a child's health, mental health, and interpersonal trajectory for a lifetime (Weinfield, Sroufe, Egeland, & Carlson, 1999 Handbook of attachment: Theory, research, and clinical applications. New York: Guilford Press, 68; Lieberman, Infant Mental Health Journal, 25, 336, 2004). However, investigations regarding the utility of methods to evaluate the quality and nature of caregiver-child interactions are limited. Using clinical data from 151 caregiver-child dyads, this study examines the psychometric properties of the Crowell Problem Solving Procedure Rating Scale using exploratory factor analysis. Additionally, the predictive validity of the coding system was examined via comparisons with the Parent-Infant Relationship Global Assessment Scale (PIRGAS).
The child and adult scales were each psychometrically defined by a single factor that was internally consistent and well-defined conceptually by the representative items. High internal consistency for each scale provides support for the reliability of the rating scale, and suggests that the Crowell scores can be useful as two separate scales measuring a child's affective presentation and caregiver responsiveness, but also collectively as a total score assessing overall relational functioning. Aspects of the caregiver-child relationship were significantly related to PIRGAS scores on the child and adult domains.
The results of this study suggest the Crowell Problem Solving Procedure Rating Scale is a brief tool, with good internal consistency, that can assess a wide range of young children, in a clinical setting.
数十年的研究表明，亲子关系的存在及其被感知的质量会影响孩子一生的健康、心理健康和人际关系轨迹（Weinfield、Sroufe、Egeland和Carlson，1999年，《依恋手册：理论、研究与临床应用》。纽约：吉尔福德出版社，第68页；Lieberman，《婴儿心理健康杂志》，第25卷，第336页，2004年）。然而，关于评估照顾者与孩子互动质量和性质的方法的实用性的研究有限。本研究利用151对照顾者与孩子二元组的临床数据，通过探索性因素分析检验了克劳威尔问题解决程序评定量表的心理测量特性。此外，通过与亲子关系全球评定量表（PIRGAS）进行比较，检验了编码系统的预测效度。
儿童量表和成人量表在心理测量上均由一个单一因素定义，该因素在内部是一致的，并且由代表性项目在概念上进行了明确界定。每个量表的高内部一致性为评定量表的可靠性提供了支持，并表明克劳威尔分数既可以作为两个单独的量表，用于测量孩子的情感表现和照顾者的反应性，也可以作为一个总分，用于评估整体关系功能。照顾者与孩子关系的各个方面与儿童和成人领域的PIRGAS分数显著相关。
本研究结果表明，克劳威尔问题解决程序评定量表是一种简短的工具，具有良好的内部一致性，可在临床环境中评估广泛的幼儿群体。
